Specialist personnel with a tablet at a marked-out construction site in front of a building complex.

Ordnance checks for flood protection and retention basins

When a retention basin is built, inlets, chambers and foundations may extend deeper than excavation across the main area. Ordnance checks therefore depend on the position and depth of each ground intervention. FONTANA-EOD compares your plans with existing ordnance documents and clarifies survey needs. We also consider work areas and construction stages that change during execution.

Comparing elevations

Show existing conditions, excavation and the finished floor.

Adding low points

Add excavations and foundations to the plan.

Distinguishing construction stages

Record temporary and final areas.

Municipal project overview

Context

Planning below and beside the basin floor as well

The final landform is not the only consideration for surveying. During construction, working spaces, foundations or utility trenches may extend deeper and lie outside the finished floor. Mark these areas on the ground intervention plan so that their survey needs can be clarified before the relevant work.

Investigation task

Bringing elevations and construction stages together before surveying

Two people with a tablet beside a marked construction area; plans lie in the foreground.

Comparing existing and proposed terrain

For a retention basin, the existing terrain and proposed form are shown in a clear relationship. The finished floor alone is insufficient: slopes, excavation limits and local deepening are also needed. The documents must identify the elevation references used. A site plan without profiles can describe the actual ground affected only incompletely. Therefore show which areas will be worked on in each construction phase. The survey is prepared in relation to these ground interventions rather than derived generally from the future water surface.

Selecting methods for basin profiles and excavation
Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Comparing earlier surveys with the profiles

An existing report may concern the present ground surface, an earlier construction stage or only individual structures. For the new works, its spatial and depth scope is compared with the proposed profiles. Send the report and appendices as completely as possible. Identify any former reference points that no longer exist. The specialist planners can then clarify which information is needed for an unambiguous match. A known property boundary or the same project name is insufficient to regard every new excavation or foundation area as covered.

Comparing earlier results with the profiles
Two people with a tablet beside a marked construction area; plans lie in the foreground.

Distinguishing land from areas affected by water

Freely accessible land, a slope and a water-covered area present different conditions for execution. Describe the expected conditions during the intended survey period and known changes in the construction programme. The specialist contractor checks which suitable service may be appropriate for the agreed task. Work on land is not automatically extended into a commitment to work in water. Special access conditions and any specific scope of services required are explicitly clarified before commissioning rather than inferred from the term flood protection.

Coordinating services according to water level and access
Project types

Recording the basin area, structures and ancillary areas separately

Two people with a tablet beside a marked construction area; plans lie in the foreground.

Floor and slopes

The future basin floor describes only part of the volume of ground affected by construction. Excavation, slope profiles and possible local deepening are shown for preparation. If the geometry changes during planning, the difference from the previous version is also made clear. The same area on the site plan may create different technical needs at a different depth. The survey commission therefore remains tied to position and elevation reference. Marginal areas are not included in an existing conclusion simply because they are close to the floor.

Clarifying the survey scope for the floor and slopes
Person beside a survey instrument on a construction site; a wheeled excavator with drilling equipment stands behind them.

Inlet, outlet and culverts

Inlet and outlet structures may have foundations, excavations, utilities and necessary working spaces. Their position and depth are described separately from large-scale land modelling. For a replacement structure, the intended demolition must also be identifiable. Existing documents for an individual structure are compared with the area actually newly affected. The technically necessary survey is determined by that task. A report concerning the open area beside it does not automatically answer questions about a deeper structural foundation.

Surveying deeper structural foundations
Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Embankments and connections to existing structures

Additional groundworks may be needed before an embankment is built. For the enquiry, these preparatory interventions are shown alongside foundations or connections to existing facilities. The final embankment height alone does not establish which volumes of ground will be affected during construction. Where different construction stages are linked, the transition remains clear on the plan. Technical conclusions relate to the task actually performed. Structural stability, hydraulic function and explosive ordnance remain matters for their respective technical responsibilities.

Documenting completed sections clearly
Project enquiry for ordnance assessment and surveys.

Construction roads and equipment areas

Construction may require temporary routes, working platforms or material storage areas outside the finished basin. Describe whether excavation, surfacing or other ground interventions are intended there. These areas are also compared with existing documents. Their later reinstatement is no substitute for preparing the preceding work. Access and achievable working areas must also be clarified for execution. A route shown on a plan must not be assumed, without further information, to be an already constructed or technically assessed access route.

Coordinating construction roads and equipment areas
Prepare the decision

Clarifying profile changes and access questions specifically

The basin floor is changed

Show the difference between the previous and revised profiles with an unambiguous position and elevation. The existing report is compared with this ground intervention. An unchanged water surface on the site plan does not automatically mean an unchanged survey scope.

A structure is added

Add the foundation, excavation and working space to the documents. Assign the new task to the intended construction stage. A survey of the adjoining area is not extended to the additional foundation solely because of its proximity.

Water conditions affect access

Report expected conditions and known changes. Suitable execution is agreed for the specific task. Work agreed for land is not implicitly treated as a commitment to provide services in water-covered areas.

Project-specific tasks

Recording the project's areas and structures separately

01

Basin floor and terrain excavation

Show existing terrain and proposed excavation in suitable profiles. Clearly distinguish areas with different excavation depths. An average basin depth is insufficient: it does not show where individual excavations or foundations extend deeper.

02

Inlets, outlets and chambers

Structures and connecting utilities may need their own excavations, foundations or shoring areas. Add these with their base levels and working spaces. An area-wide survey for regular excavation does not cover additional low points without technical comparison. Whether a Deep-ground survey is suitable for individual low points is checked separately by specialists.

03

Slopes, embankments and protective structures

The design may combine excavation, fill and foundations. What matters is which existing volumes of ground are affected. Work areas and preparatory utilities are identified in the same way as the components that will later be visible.

04

Access and temporary construction stages

Construction roads, temporary storage and temporary water management may affect access or require their own earthworks. Plan the survey so that the required areas are accessible before the respective earthworks. Changed construction stages must be compared with existing results.

Project documents

Documenting elevation references and work status

Existing conditions and design

The site plan and profiles are provided together with the elevation references used. Individual cross-sections remain clearly assigned to the project area. Later readers can thus identify the volume of ground to which preparation and the agreed survey related.

Actual execution

The report describes the areas treated and existing limitations. Different construction stages are assigned to their respective scopes. A planned overall area in the design is not automatically equivalent to the area actually surveyed.

Later repair or expansion

New ground interventions are compared with the earlier documents. Appendices and reference points are therefore retained together, even if the original landform is no longer visible. Outstanding questions about assignment are clarified before a result is used.

Documentation

Checking the survey scope for subsequent repairs as well

Identify the survey scope

For a later repair to an outlet, it must be clear whether the earlier evidence also covered that structural area and the relevant depth. Documentation should therefore distinguish the main floor area, individual structures and remaining areas still outstanding. This allows later work to be checked for whether its area of ground intervention was already covered or still requires surveying. Necessary follow-up surveys or exposure work are assigned to the affected area. Recovery of confirmed explosive ordnance is coordinated with the permitted scope of activity, local responsibilities and documentation. Following actual exposure or clearance work, the associated findings and clearance records are included.

Coordinating further work

Hydraulic function, structural stability and authority approval remain separate tasks. Ordnance documents describe the agreed survey scope, results and limitations. Requirements for the flood protection system are clarified with the technical specialists and authorities responsible.

Technical assessment

Technical basis: BFR KMR: clearance planning, principles · BFR KMR: geophysics · BFR KMR: documentation · §68 WHG: formal plan approval and plan authorisation

The federal construction guidelines on ordnance clearance contain requirements for historical and technical investigation, clearance concepts, procurement and documentation within their defined area of federal responsibility. Their application to the specific flood protection works, together with local requirements and responsibilities, is clarified separately.

Next steps

Preparing the survey with terrain profiles and structural plans

01

Showing existing conditions and proposed elevations on the plan

Provide terrain profiles, the proposed floor and structural plans with an unambiguous elevation reference. Existing plans and survey reports are checked for the affected area, plan version and limitations of the conclusions. Where historical questions remain open, suitable sources are researched and aerial photographs assessed. The findings are assigned to the present areas of ground intervention and elevation references and incorporated into survey planning.

02

Marking additional ground interventions

Record working spaces, connections, foundations and temporary construction areas outside the regular excavation.

03

Coordinating the construction sequence and survey

Record when individual areas will be accessible and which work is intended beforehand. The suitable survey method is defined for the respective ground interventions, elevation references and site conditions.

04

Carry out the investigation

The commissioned survey is carried out in the defined area. Measurement data, findings and limitations are recorded with position, depth and elevation references.

05

Assess results

Measurement data and findings are assessed by specialists. Areas still outstanding, necessary follow-up surveys and the next decision are identified for the client, planners and site management.

06

Documenting surveyed areas and depths

Clearly assign results, elevation references and limitations on the plan and in the report.

Technical assessment

Clarifying elevations, water level and access for the survey

Clearly identifying elevations on the plan and in the report

Planners and the specialist contractor need traceable reference elevations for the terrain, survey task and structures. If the ground is altered before a further survey, this new condition must be documented. Conclusions must not be inadvertently transferred to a different starting elevation. The Documentation records surveyed areas and depths with their reference elevations and the limitations of the conclusions.

Selecting methods according to site conditions

Slopes, water, soft ground, installations and fill may limit technical execution. Method selection follows the specific conditions. A particular achievable survey depth is not inferred solely from the size of the basin. Necessary surveys and protective measures are planned before ground interventions during vegetation clearance, demolition, surface removal or creation of access routes and work areas. Sections that become accessible later are surveyed before the respective subsequent interventions.

Clarifying water-law requirements separately

Whether the project constitutes watercourse development and which approval is needed must be clarified with the competent authorities. § 68 WHG governs formal plan approval and plan authorisation for watercourse development. Water-law classification and specialist hydraulic engineering design are handled independently within their respective responsibilities.

Method selection

Selecting methods for basin areas and individual structures

Surveying a broad floor area answers different questions from preparing a deep outlet structure. Methods are compared for these individual areas so that the conclusions and limitations of the results remain clear.

Historical records and aerial photographs

Historical aerial photograph assessment and other old records help place the basis for suspicion in its spatial context. The available images, their evidential value and the limits of the area considered matter. The absence of an identifiable indication must be distinguished from a technically surveyed ground area. The assessment is considered together with the planned intervention and other available findings. It can support the choice of a survey, but is not a measurement of the present-day subsurface or confirmation for all future works.

Understand aerial photograph assessment

Magnetometric survey

Magnetometric methods detect magnetic anomalies. Whether they can address the specific survey task depends, among other things, on the expected objects, ground conditions, interference and required survey area. Fences, utilities or existing structures may affect interpretation. A measurement signal is therefore not described as ordnance solely because of its strength. Method, interpretation and any further investigation are planned as a connected specialist task.

Understand the scope of magnetometry

Electromagnetic methods and TDEM

Electromagnetic surveys may be suitable for particular metallic targets and site conditions. TDEM detects the time-dependent electromagnetic responses of electrically conductive bodies. Suitability is justified for the particular task, not inferred merely from the availability of equipment. Interfering installations, accessible areas and the required conclusion must also be considered. Results are documented with location and survey conditions. Whether a complementary method is needed follows from the specialist assessment and remains a specific project decision.

Understand electromagnetic surveying

Ground-penetrating radar

Under suitable conditions, ground-penetrating radar can provide information about subsurface structures and reflections. Ground conditions, moisture, installations and the particular survey task affect interpretability. An anomaly is not automatically ordnance, and an area with no apparent anomalies is not general evidence for arbitrary depths. The specialist interpretation and its limits are documented with the instruction. A survey for another purpose is not adopted without checking as ordnance evidence.

GPR and limitations

Deep-ground and downhole surveys

For deeper interventions, it may be necessary to check whether a surface survey can provide the required conclusion or whether another approach is needed. Location, depth, borehole layout and existing utilities then form part of preparation. Access for the survey must also be planned appropriately from a technical perspective. A general depth figure or standard grid does not replace this task. Results remain tied to the areas actually treated and the method applied. For surveys from investigation boreholes, casing, drilling depth and documentation are also coordinated with the task and local conditions.

Prepare deep interventions

Survey during construction

If a necessary preliminary survey cannot be completed in full, the suitability of a technically planned approach during construction is assessed. Each working layer is technically surveyed and evaluated before controlled removal in layers with supplementary visual inspection follows. The steps are repeated to the agreed excavation formation. Excavation layers, stop signal, authority to give instructions, reporting channels and documentation are agreed with site management and specialists before work starts. Pure visual observation of the excavation cannot simply replace a necessary instrumental survey. Site management needs a clear description of when specialist works take place, how new findings are handled and which areas remain outstanding.

Agree the approach during construction
Working approach

Tying the specialist service to a clearly defined construction stage

Keeping the task, terrain profile and report together

FONTANA-EOD coordinates ordnance checks according to the planned ground interventions, existing findings and achievable conditions. For flood protection works, the elevation references and construction stages used are essential parts of this description. Work actually performed is documented with its spatial extent. Planners and site management can then identify the task for which a conclusion is available. Profile changes, additional structures or newly affected ancillary areas are compared with this basis before requirements for further specialist work are derived.

Discuss the investigation task

Clearly identifying plan versions

Where several profiles or alternatives are in circulation, the current version should be clearly identified. Highlight changed depths, relocated structures and different working spaces. The specialist contractor needs not only the date of the new drawing but also the change relevant to its scope. An earlier plan is retained as the reference for the survey performed at that time. Later readers can thus understand why an existing conclusion is usable or needs additional checking for a newly proposed volume of ground.

Reporting changed site conditions

Access, water conditions or the condition of a work area may differ during execution from those at the planning stage. Such differences are discussed before the relevant activity. A check establishes whether the intended method and organisation still suit the task. The original schedule alone does not answer this question. Inaccessible areas remain explicitly documented. The report distinguishes the surveyed accessible sections and structures from areas of the proposed facility still outstanding.

Handing over individual sections with their boundaries

In staged execution, each area treated is clearly linked to the plan and report. Handover establishes the area and depth covered and any limitations. This is particularly important if ground is later excavated or built over and original reference points disappear. A brief completion message cannot replace the associated appendices. Site management needs the documented scope for the specific next task, rather than merely knowing that specialist work has already taken place on the project.

Addressing technical questions separately

Ordnance checks are one specific part of preparing a flood protection project. Ground conditions, hydraulic engineering, nature conservation and other matters may also require attention. Their findings are brought together in project planning with their respective technical subject matter identified. FONTANA-EOD describes the conditions for the agreed ordnance specialist work. Decisions on other tasks remain with those responsible for them and are connected with the necessary information for the shared construction programme.

Construction phases

Coordinating surveying with construction phases

Preliminary design with alternatives

If the basin position or profile is not yet final, the alternatives are identified with their respective volumes of ground intervention. The enquiry states the information available and the next planning decision due. Technical preparation can be developed from this. Preparatory assessment and technical surveys performed are documented with their respective progress status. After selecting a solution, the specific plan with position, depth and ancillary areas forms the basis. Outstanding information remains visible until it is technically defined sufficiently.

Excavation and intermediate stages

The terrain may change several times during construction. The intended intermediate stages and associated groundworks are described for coordination. A survey relates to the actual conditions and its agreed task. The technical sequence must be clarified before each ground intervention. Preceding earthworks are included in the assessment with their own areas of ground intervention and the necessary protective measures. Construction planning therefore identifies which step is to be performed first and the information needed for it.

Structures before completion of the main area

Inlet or outlet structures may be built in a different sequence from the surrounding basin area. Their excavations and working spaces are considered separately in the programme. For surveying, it matters when these areas are accessible and which plan version is to apply. A conclusion for the neighbouring area is not extended to the structure without comparison. Changes to its position or foundations are reported before execution. Additional work receives its own reference to the actual reason for it.

Maintenance and later changes

After completion, repairs, new utilities or changes to structures may affect a different volume of ground from the original works. For preparation, the new interventions are compared with the earlier documentation. A report on the original construction is not comprehensively applicable merely because the facility name is the same. The spatial reference, depth and limitations of the conclusions are needed. Documents are retained in full so that later readers can distinguish the original design, specialist work actually performed and the new task.

Project site

Identifying the facility location and affected properties

Illustrated map of Germany with location markers on a construction site.

Providing the overview and detailed profiles together

State the project location and facility and mark the affected properties and access routes. Link the overview plan with detailed profiles and structural plans. For multiple areas, it should be clear which profile belongs to which section. A broad overview alone is insufficient to describe individual ground interventions. Conversely, a detail without a location reference needs a clear spatial assignment. This compilation supports technical preparation and shows differences between the overall facility planned and the area actually commissioned.

Illustrated map of Germany with location markers on a construction site.

Putting existing project-specific requirements in context

Information, reports and existing requirements are provided with their original purpose and scope. Identify the documents relating to the current plan version and those from earlier works. Not every statement about the watercourse or property covers all new structures. The competent authorities and contacts remain identified for each task. Regional classification provides an initial point of orientation; specific project information and the requirements applicable to the project are then coordinated with the respective responsible parties.

Understand the results

Reusing elevation-related results correctly

Reading survey depth together with its reference

Fill and excavation also change elevation references. A depth below the present ground surface means something different from the same figure below the future basin floor. Plans and the survey commission must clearly state the reference used.

A depth figure is understandable only together with its elevation reference. After terrain changes, the same number may describe a different volume of ground. Therefore read the relevant report description and associated plan appendices as well. For a new ground intervention, its elevation and position are checked against the documented survey scope. Unclear reference systems are clarified before use. An abbreviated result note should not be extended into a blanket conclusion for the future basin floor or neighbouring structures.

Explore results and terminology

Distinguishing planned and treated areas

The design plan may show the entire facility while a survey report describes only particular sections. These scopes must remain distinguishable for further use. Identify areas still outstanding and retain references to appendices. A later compilation must not create the impression that every area shown was actually treated. When site management or the construction company changes, this assignment is handed over together. The new work step is then compared with the documented status.

Documenting planned and surveyed areas

Connecting measurement findings with project decisions

A technical survey produces results within its task and conditions. For further planning, these results are read together with their technical assessment and stated limitations. Individual illustrations or markings are insufficient for this. If a conclusion remains unclear for an imminent ground intervention, the specific question is identified with its position and depth. Further coordination can then be targeted. A general description as flood protection works does not replace a clear explanation of the information needed.

Explore results and terminology
Working together

Clearly assigning hydraulic engineering planning and specialist services

Client and operator

The client provides the project task and existing documents. The operator adds conditions for access and subsequent use. Outstanding information is assigned to the responsible contacts so that technical preparation can proceed from a clear information base.

Specialist planning and site management

The planners describe profiles, structures and construction phases. Site management connects this information with the intended programme. Changed elevations, additional working spaces and different access arrangements are reported before the relevant specialist work.

Specialist contractor and competent authorities

FONTANA-EOD performs the specifically agreed ordnance specialist service. Requirements of the competent authorities are clarified for the actual project. Technical documentation describes the specialist service performed, its area, depth and service scope, and its limitations. Applicability to further groundworks is checked against the specific intervention. Water-law decisions and construction assessments remain assigned to the respective competent authorities and technical specialists.

In Germany, state ordnance disposal services and locally competent authorities carry out hazard response and find management. Their involvement and public-order or building-control tasks are established for the project location. Outside Germany, local responsibilities apply. Contacts, requirements and reporting are assigned to the specific works.

Documents and execution

Keeping terrain changes and documentation traceable

Two monitors displaying aerial photographs and maps; further aerial photograph printouts lie on the desk.

Assigning historical evidence spatially

Existing older plans or aerial photographs are related to the present alignment and current project area. Changes to terrain, structures or property names may matter for this assignment. Interpretation addresses its own evidence base and is not equated with a technical survey. Clearly identify known differences. For the later commission, what matters is which current or proposed ground intervention needs technical clarification and which information is actually available for it.

Explore the historical basis
Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Photographs as a supplementary description of conditions

Current photographs can illustrate slopes, access and the visible construction stage. Assign the viewing direction to a section of the plan and report known changes since the photograph was taken. A photograph does not replace reliable elevations or profiles. Nor does it show which volume of ground has already been surveyed. It is therefore used alongside technical documents for preparation. Add the proposed groundworks and associated documents.

Understand documentation
Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Retaining the report together with the as-built condition

After construction, former terrain edges or work areas may no longer be visible. The documentation must therefore retain a clear original location reference. Keep reports, appendices and associated plan versions together. At handover, it is clear which conclusion relates to which construction stage. For later maintenance, this basis is compared with the new ground intervention. The facility actually built and the survey scope at the time are not equated merely because they share a project name.

Documenting results clearly
Four people in orange high-visibility vests in front of two excavators on a construction site.
Person with a yellow survey cart on a footpath in front of a hedge.
Questions from planning

Frequently asked questions about retention basins and flood protection

Is the proposed basin depth sufficient information on its own?

No. Existing elevations, local deepening, structural excavations, utilities and working spaces also matter. The technical task must identify the volume of ground actually affected and the reference elevation to which a depth relates.

Why are inlets and outlets considered separately?

Their base levels, foundations and working spaces may differ from the main basin area. Survey documentation must reflect these differences. A conclusion about excavation across an area is not automatically extended to deeper individual structures.

Does the survey still apply after a change to the landscape design?

This must be clarified by comparison. Relocated structures, deeper floors or new utilities may affect additional areas. A revised plan should therefore be compared with existing results before it is implemented.

Should water-covered areas be treated in the same way as dry areas?

No. Accessibility and survey conditions may differ considerably. The appropriate scope of services is clarified for each project. A survey of dry sections does not automatically support conclusions about areas underwater.

How are ordnance checks distinguished from water-law or construction decisions?

The report describes the agreed ordnance specialist service, its area, depth and service scope, and its limitations. Water-law decisions, hydraulic design and construction assessment remain with the respective responsible parties.

What should be done if a suspicious object is found during earthworks?

If an unexpected suspicious object is found, stop work in the affected area immediately. Do not touch, move or uncover it further. Leave the immediate area, keep your distance and keep others away without putting yourself at risk. In Germany, notify the police immediately on 110; outside Germany, use the local emergency procedure. The authorities determine what happens next. Inform the operator, site management and the client; internal reporting must not delay the emergency call.

What determines survey effort and costs for a retention basin?

The actual volume of ground, structures, elevation references, ground composition, sources of interference, existing findings and achievable working conditions matter. Water-covered and accessible areas may present different tasks. The appropriate scope of services and its costs are agreed on the basis of this information and the specialist services required.

How are inaccessible sections treated?

They remain identifiable on the plan and in the documentation as areas still outstanding. Surveys of adjoining areas are not extended to them. Once suitable conditions are available, further specialist work is agreed for the specific ground intervention.

Project enquiry

Send the site plan and elevation profiles with your enquiry

Site plan and elevation profiles

Send the site plan, profiles and structural plans with existing and proposed elevations, including inlet and outlet structures and connecting utilities. Attach existing ordnance reports with their appendices and survey results.

Construction sequence and water conditions

Describe the planned construction sequence, temporary water conditions, temporary access routes and work areas. Identify outstanding alternatives and missing information. With these documents, we clarify with you which areas and depths require surveying and how it fits into the construction sequence.

Project enquiry

Have your project assessed

Whether historical aerial photograph analysis, explosive ordnance surveying, surface surveying using GPR, magnetometry or TDEM, deep-ground surveys, downhole surveys, excavation supervision, area clearance or ordnance recovery is needed depends on the location, ground disturbance, depth, ground and existing documents. An early ordnance assessment provides clarity for tendering, programming, occupational safety and construction.

FONTANA-EOD combines its Section 7 SprengG licence, specialists holding Section 20 SprengG certificates of competence, suitable survey and clearance methods, and traceable documentation. Send the site plan, depth of ground disturbance, construction phase and existing documents for an initial technical assessment.