Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Our equipment for surveys and ordnance clearance

FONTANA-EOD combines magnetic detection, ground-penetrating radar, surveying and suitable construction machinery with specialist interpretation. The equipment that fits depends on the investigation objective and site conditions. Send us a site plan, planned intervention depths and existing ordnance documents. This allows us to establish which method and investigation scope are suitable for your task.

Choose a survey method

Methods matched to the target object and ground conditions.

Locate findings

Assign survey data, findings and limits.

Specialist assessment

Use results for the next step.

Understand the role of equipment

What instruments record and what specialists assess

A magnetometer records magnetic variations, ground-penetrating radar shows subsurface reflections and GNSS provides spatial referencing. None of these instruments alone reliably identifies an object's contents or hazardous condition. A survey plan, competent operation, interpretation and, where necessary, further investigation together enable a sound assessment.

Project references

Selected project examples

Select equipment for the conclusions required

A suitable range of equipment is a prerequisite for an investigation. The combination used follows from the specific task. Preliminary investigation, access, interference and the intended use of the results are considered together.

Workstation with two screens showing aerial photographs and maps, and printed documents on the desk.

Clarify the basis for suspected ordnance before surveying

Existing information, historical records and earlier investigations describe the starting point. Only from this can the question to be answered by a further technical investigation be defined. An unspecified equipment requirement does not replace this assessment; missing information is identified before agreeing the service.

Person beside a survey instrument on a construction site; a wheeled excavator with drilling equipment stands behind them.

Match the method to the ground intervention volume

For interventions at specific points or at depth, the investigation must fit the actual working volume. The sensor, survey arrangement and spatial referencing are therefore selected to match the planned geometry. The service description also identifies areas for which a conclusion remains outstanding.

Magnetometry and metal detection

Magnetometers, metal detectors and survey data acquisition

Magnetic and active electromagnetic methods provide different information. Their selection depends, among other things, on expected objects, survey feasibility, interference fields and the spatial resolution required.

SENSYS: magnetometers

SENSYS magnetometers record variations in the Earth's magnetic field. These measurements help to investigate indications of ferromagnetic objects below ground.

Metal structures, fences or railway tracks must be considered as potential interference when assessing the data.

Plan a magnetometry investigation

VALLON: single-axis magnetometers

Single-axis magnetometers record the magnetic field component along one measurement axis. The probe arrangement suitable for an investigation depends on the survey task and site conditions.

The probe used, survey arrangement and specialist interpretation together determine the quality of the results.

Deep-ground surveys for planned interventions
VALLON VS60: circular search coil with internal struts

VS60 denotes a UXO search coil with a diameter of 60 cm. Used with a suitable detector, it provides an active means of searching for metallic objects.

The equipment combination, search task and settings are matched to the construction site. The investigation depth achievable also depends on the objects and ground conditions.

Surface survey methods

SENSYS TDS: digital survey data acquisition

TDS is a digitisation unit for sensors in the SENSYS FGM3D family. It records the three sensor axes synchronously and passes on the measurements digitally.

The unit connects the sensors to digital data acquisition and interpretation. The measurement range and suitability also depend on the probe connected.

Ground-penetrating radar

Ground-penetrating radar for utility location and subsurface investigation

Ground-penetrating radar can provide location indications for utilities, structures and subsurface features. For ordnance questions, its potential additional contribution under local conditions is assessed.

IDS Opera Duo with four wheels and an operator

The two frequency bands support investigation of different structures and scales. The system is designed for utility location and mapping.

Radar profiles are assessed in relation to ground conditions, existing records and other survey findings. The reflections detected require technical interpretation.

Survey conditions and limits of ground-penetrating radar

Radar requires sufficient electromagnetic contrast. Conductive ground, such as clay-rich or saline areas, can strongly attenuate the signal. Moisture and structures near the surface also affect the conclusions possible.

The investigation depth and conclusions achievable in the project are assessed and documented on the basis of the actual conditions.

FONTANA-EOD at work

Ground-penetrating radar surveying in the field

MALÅ ground-penetrating radar with operators on grass during a FONTANA-EOD project

We use a MALÅ survey cart to record radar profiles. We interpret the measurements and assess what indications they provide of subsurface structures.

Whether ground-penetrating radar is suitable for your project depends on the question and ground conditions. We agree the investigation area and conclusions required with you.

Surveying and spatial referencing

GNSS links survey data to position and elevation

Locating an anomaly and establishing its survey position are different tasks. GNSS links survey tracks, investigation points and findings to the planning data.

Stonex S80G with antenna fitted

The S80G combines a rugged 8-inch tablet with multi-frequency GNSS and RTK functionality. Positions, descriptive information and photographs can thus be recorded together.

The positional quality actually achieved depends, among other things, on the antenna, correction service, obstructions and survey environment. It must be checked for each dataset.

Trimble DA2 receiver with smartphone for Catalyst

Catalyst supports mobile capture of georeferenced data. The service provides different accuracy levels depending on the subscription and configuration.

Reception conditions, hardware used, correction data and the subscribed service are matched to the accuracy required for the project. The positional quality achieved is checked.

Agree coordinate referencing and data handover

Coordinate and elevation references, survey date, point identifiers and limits of the work are aligned with the project documents. Existing CAD or GIS data may serve as a basis.

The handover should show which areas were investigated, where limitations applied and how findings are spatially referenced.

Documentation and the scope of results
Construction machinery

Excavators for earthworks and work in railway areas

Construction machinery supports the agreed earthworks and handling of soil material. Its specific equipment and the defined work and protection plan determine its use.

Wacker Neuson ET90 carrying out earthworks

The comparatively compact machine with 55,4 kW engine power supports work on confined construction sites and controlled movement of soil material.

Access, standing area, load-bearing capacity and attachments determine whether it is suitable for the intended working area.

Volvo ECR145E carrying out earthworks in an urban setting

The tracked excavator with 90 kW engine power and a short tail swing radius is suitable for confined spaces. It supports earthworks and material movements where the working area has been planned accordingly.

Deployment planning considers the machine's specific equipment and condition as well as the working area, ground bearing capacity and attachments required.

Technical decisions

Match measuring equipment to the construction task

The result required determines which technical equipment is suitable for the project. Existing knowledge, the working volume actually accessible and survey conditions are checked against the investigation objective. The client, specialist company and other parties coordinate the work steps affected on this basis.

Before committing equipment: clarify the investigation volume

Naming a particular equipment model in the specification does not define the scope of specialist work. A surface area and a deep intervention at a specific point have different survey geometries. Provide the planned working volume with its area, depth reference and known structures. The specialist company checks which survey arrangement suits the conclusions required and which prerequisites must be met on site. Only this comparison links the equipment commitment to a specifically described investigation.

Coordinate investigation and construction sequence

During data capture: identify interference

Metal structures, changing ground conditions or inaccessible strips can affect the data available. The survey team records the areas affected and relevant conditions. Specialist interpretation assesses what conclusions are possible on this basis. If the investigation is insufficient for a sub-area, further work is agreed with those responsible for the project. An area shown in full on a plan must not be confused with an area actually investigated in full.

Coordinate the survey with specialists

Before data handover: check spatial referencing

Survey data and findings must match the intended plan and the correct revision. Clarify coordinate and elevation references, point identifiers and the output formats required before handover. A CAD import may succeed technically while an incorrect reference shifts the data spatially. Handover checks therefore consider both assignment and technical conclusions. Reports and appendices also identify limitations that must be considered when using the data for further construction planning.

Assign result documents unambiguously
Technical records

Support technical work with sound documentation

A traceable technical investigation includes the commission, configuration used and specialist result documents. The documents link the spatially delimited working area to the data actually captured and the conclusions possible from it.

Investigation commission and survey configuration

The site plan, land parcel, construction area or route and planned intervention depths describe the task. Historical documents, ordnance information and earlier investigation results are included with their revision status. The agreed commission identifies the investigation objective and documents required. The system, sensors and relevant data capture configuration used are also identified to make the technical work traceable.

Survey coverage and recorded findings

The underlying information includes spatially referenced survey data, profile or point identifiers and relevant capture conditions. Survey results and findings investigated further are linked to the relevant area or position. Deviations from survey routes, interruptions and areas not covered remain identifiable. Interpretation can thus distinguish information actually captured from a spatial or methodological gap.

Assessment and project file

The report and results plan state the specialist assessment, volume covered and remaining limitations. Where clearance services were commissioned and completed, the associated clearance records form part of the documentation. Related files and revisions are identified for the project file. Site management can then see which area and ground intervention the documented conclusions concern and which question still needs coordination.

Technical requirements in construction projects

The same equipment family can perform different tasks in different projects. For planning, the conclusions achievable and local prerequisites are therefore more informative than a mere list of manufacturers and model names.

Two people with a tablet beside a marked construction area; plans lie in the foreground.

Surveys before earthworks begin

For a construction site that is still accessible, investigation areas, existing information and the sequence can be coordinated together. Specialist planning considers which areas can actually be reached and which limitations must appear in the results. This leads to a reasoned selection of the services required.

Match equipment to a specific service
Person with a tablet at the edge of a cordoned-off excavation, with an excavator behind.

Coordination with ongoing excavation

Where investigation and construction interlock, working areas, contacts and handovers must fit together. Measuring equipment and construction machinery have different tasks. The intended accompanying specialist service is described in relation to the working method and agreed investigation objective.

Clarify specialist services alongside excavation
Montage showing building construction, a railway, a utility trench, energy facilities, industry and road construction.

Equipment use in infrastructure projects

Tracks, utility installations, paved areas and existing structures shape the operating conditions. Alongside technical suitability, access, working volume and coordination with other parties must be clarified. The specific sector application determines what information is needed for technical preparation.

Identify requirements arising from the project setting

From investigation objective to equipment use

Before work begins, project documents, the investigation commission and the result documents required are coordinated. The technical execution is specified competently for each project. Data capture conditions and subsequent interpretation must concern the same task and spatial reference.

01

Describe the project question

The starting point is the decision the client needs to prepare. The planned ground intervention, its spatial extent and existing conclusions are compiled for this purpose. A clear question helps distinguish information already established from additional investigation needs. State, for example, whether a utility trench is to be prepared, a borehole point investigated or an existing report related to changed foundations. Each task requires an appropriate boundary for the work and conclusions.

02

Compare the construction site and documents

Site plans, intervention depths, known structures and access arrangements are considered together. Contradictions or superseded revisions are raised. Preparation must identify which information is still missing to select a suitable method. A plan must therefore also have a date. Where several revisions exist, the applicable design is identified. Elevations must show whether they describe depth below ground level or an absolute elevation reference.

03

Agree the scope of service

The investigation area, conclusions required, intended methods and result documents are agreed. Known limitations also form part of this agreement. Technical selection and deployment planning can then refer to the same information. Also agree how initially inaccessible sub-areas will be treated. A planned later date and clear boundaries for the section initially covered help link the service to the actual construction sequence.

04

Agree the prerequisites for deployment

Contacts, access, working volume and interfaces with construction are clarified. The equipment and specialists deployed must fit the intended task. Changes on site are discussed with those responsible and taken into account in the work. For activities near tracks or operational installations, the necessary coordination with the operator takes place before deployment. A suitable machine or probe does not replace clarification of the working volume and operational interfaces.

05

Interpret the data professionally

The data collected is assessed together with spatial referencing, survey conditions and the project question. Anomalies, areas not covered and limitations remain distinguishable. A technical presentation only becomes usable for the next project decision together with this assessment. If a profile deviates from the intended line or data capture ends at an obstruction, this is assigned to the section affected. Assessment depends on the actual survey route, not only the line previously planned.

06

Link results to construction planning

The handover identifies the area covered and the conclusions that can be drawn from it. Outstanding points are assigned spatially and by subject. Later changes to the ground intervention can be checked again against the documented limits. The client and subsequent specialist planners receive related plans and reports with clear revision status. Marked unresolved areas can then be included in further planning. An investigation still required is thus distinguished from a service already performed.

Which documents make equipment use traceable

An organised project file links preparation to the services actually performed. The documents required depend on the commission and method; their relationship is as important to the recipient as each individual document.

Commission and information used

The specification, site plan and relevant earlier documents show which task the investigation concerns. Their revision status and assignment must remain traceable. It is then possible to distinguish whether a deviation arose from changed planning or actual investigation conditions.

Surveying and spatial reference

The documents assign data and areas covered to the agreed areas or points. Depending on the service, methods, survey conditions and identifiers required are described. The recipient must be able to locate a result in the plan and construction project.

Interpretation and remaining questions

The specialist assessment describes the conclusions arising from the investigation and their limits. Uninvestigated areas or areas that can only be assessed with limitations remain explicitly identifiable. Outstanding follow-up questions are worded so that they can be linked to a specific area and the next planned ground intervention.

Turn equipment data into a sound specification

Technical data describes a system's characteristics. For the commission, it is also necessary to explain which task the system is to perform under site conditions and how the result will be assessed by specialists.

For planning, tendering and construction, we therefore first define the investigation area, intervention depth and conclusions required. We agree the equipment selection and deployment date with you on this basis. The service overview explains which investigations may be suitable for your project.

Distinguish the measured quantity from the project question

A measurement initially describes a physical quantity or a change in it. The project question, however, concerns the intended ground intervention and how to address specific suspected ordnance. These two levels are linked in the survey plan. An anomalous signal and a final object assessment must therefore be documented separately.

Manufacturer information and actual equipment

Model name, sensor, accessories, data acquisition and interpretation environment belong together. A general product description does not confirm the specific configuration for the commission. During preparation, the relevant characteristics are checked against the requirements; different equipment must not silently appear to provide an equivalent investigation scope. If the task requires a particular probe arrangement, this is included in the agreed deployment. When changing systems, the measured quantity, capture geometry and data processing must be checked together. Comparable file formats alone do not establish a technically equivalent body of data.

Positional quality and detection conclusions

A precise coordinate improves the location of a survey point but says nothing by itself about whether an object can be detected. Conversely, a signal without reliable spatial referencing is difficult to transfer to construction planning. Documentation therefore makes both the measurement conclusions and spatial assignment traceable. A point may, for example, have been surveyed correctly while an adjacent strip was not investigated because of an obstruction. These two circumstances must remain distinguishable on the plan. A finding's position does not extend the area actually covered.

Changes between planning and deployment

Additional structures, changed access or a different construction status can affect the planned investigation. Such changes are checked against the specialist commission. If an area cannot be covered as intended under the actual conditions, the deviation remains visible in the results and is described for further coordination. If another shaft is added or an excavation relocated after data capture, the new ground interventions are compared spatially with the investigation result. The sections affected can then be reassessed specifically without transferring the earlier conclusion to a different working volume unchecked.

Which starting point describes your project?

For an enquiry, it helps to state the current project status. Documents and technical requirements can then be discussed specifically without prejudging a particular equipment choice.

The investigation is being put out to tender

Describe the conclusions required and compile the information available. Specialist coordination can help to state the investigation scope and expected result documents clearly. Model names alone are often insufficient to describe the service required.

Specify the service requirements

A method has already been proposed

Provide the proposal together with the ground intervention design and known site conditions. What matters is whether the intended investigation can answer the specific question. Reasoned limits and any further clarification required belong in the same assessment.

Relate the choice of method to the task

Survey data is already available

Also provide the associated report and plans. A single image often does not show the conditions under which the data was captured. Assessment needs the documented relationship between the commission, area covered and interpretation.

Link survey data to its underlying information

The construction status has changed

Identify changes from the condition investigated or planned. These include changed ground intervention areas as well as new structures or access arrangements. Only comparison with the earlier documents shows which technical questions need to be revisited.

Submit the changed project status for review
Specialist expertise and survey quality

Qualifications for equipment use and data interpretation

An investigation includes correct equipment settings, competent surveying and interpretation of the data. The specialists deployed must also recognise where a method cannot provide sufficient conclusions.

Authorisations, certificates of competence and equipment training

When assigning personnel to the commission, we take account of the company authorisation under § 7 SprengG, personal certificates of competence under § 20 SprengG and training for the MALÅ and IDS ground-penetrating radar systems used. Scope, validity and assignment of tasks must fit each deployment.

At FONTANA-EOD, ordnance specialists / team leaders (§ 20 SprengG), survey technicians and GIS specialists work together. Equipment training supports competent data capture and interpretation. We select personnel and equipment to suit the commissioned scope of service.

Define the survey task

The investigation objective, area and depth form the basis of equipment selection.

Check equipment function and configuration

Function, configuration and required checks are clarified before deployment.

Assess survey quality

Interference, gaps and anomalies are taken into account during data capture.

Interpret results

Survey signals are assessed in relation to location, subsurface conditions and the project question.

Identify investigated areas and limitations

Areas that cannot be investigated and remaining limitations stay identifiable.

Record further investigation needs

The result states the conclusions for the area covered and any further steps.

Who brings equipment and project requirements together

Equipment replaces neither specialist definition of the task nor cooperation within the construction project. Each party needs the information relevant to its responsibilities.

Client and specialist planners

They describe the intended ground intervention, provide existing documents and identify the decision required. Changes to planning are communicated. The investigation can thus address the actual needs rather than rely on unconfirmed assumptions about depth, area or construction status.

The specialist company carrying out the work

FONTANA-EOD agrees the investigation scope, selects suitable technical equipment and assesses the data collected. Documentation makes the work and its limits traceable. Organisational prerequisites and required coordination are linked to those responsible for the project.

Construction contractors and other parties

Construction companies, surveyors and, where applicable, operators provide information on working volumes, existing installations and the sequence of work. This information affects equipment use. Necessary official or operational decisions are made by the competent bodies through the relevant procedures and taken into account in project planning. The ordnance clearance service and public order office perform the specialist or public order tasks assigned to them. Building control is involved in relevant building-law questions. Which bodies are specifically involved depends on the location, task and applicable procedure.

Consider local conditions early

The project location helps with organisational coordination. It does not determine technical suitability on its own; that depends on the specific areas, ground interventions and subsurface information.

Illustration of a map of Germany marking Wesseling and Gersheim in front of a construction area, with construction plans and a hard hat beside it.

Provide location and access information together

Send the construction site location together with access details, accessibility and known limitations. For several construction sections, unambiguous spatial assignment is helpful. Preparation questions can then be discussed specifically for each working area.

Identify the project location and regional coordination
Montage showing building construction, a railway, a utility trench, energy facilities, industry and road construction.

Identify particular aspects of site use

A railway site, utility area or urban property creates different organisational requirements. Identify known operator contacts and the coordination required. This information supplements specialist method selection without deriving a particular investigation service from site use alone.

Match equipment to the specific project setting

Terms for technical coordination

Measurement range, spatial reference, interference and limits of conclusions describe different properties of an investigation. The commission must clearly state the physical quantity measured and the specialist conclusions required from it.

Measurement range

A sensor's measurement range describes which values of the relevant measured quantity it can record. It is not equivalent to a general investigation depth. Suitability for the specific construction site must also take account of the survey arrangement, expected characteristics and environmental conditions.

Georeferencing

Georeferencing links data or findings to a spatial reference. The coordinate system and positioning quality must fit the application. A documented spatial reference makes assignment to the plan easier but does not replace specialist assessment of the survey data concerned.

Interference

Interference may affect the recording or interpretation of survey signals. It may arise from existing structures or other surrounding conditions. Its significance is assessed for the method used and the specific question; not every anomaly has the same cause.

Limits of conclusions

The limits of conclusions describe how far a specialist conclusion from the completed investigation extends. They may include spatial, methodological or other limitations. The report makes these limits clear so that results are not transferred to other areas or changed ground interventions without checking the context.

Link technical work and project decisions

Technical selection links the information available to the investigation required and its result documents. Survey data, spatial referencing and specialist assessment are all needed for the next project decision.

Workstation with two screens showing aerial photographs and maps, and printed documents on the desk.

Earlier documents for equipment selection

Historical information and existing investigation results help define the survey task. They do not automatically describe the current construction status, however. Equipment selection considers this information together with the site plan, intended ground intervention and known obstructions.

Clarify the basis for the technical investigation
Two people with a tablet beside a marked construction area; plans lie in the foreground.

Scope of service rather than a mere equipment list

The enquiry should show which decision needs to be prepared. Only then can a suitable service be described. Method, volume covered and expected documents form a shared basis for coordination between the specialist company, planners and construction contractors.

Choose a suitable investigation for the project
Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Hand over results with their limits

Documentation links the work completed to the specialist conclusions. Plans and reports must be usable together and identify remaining questions clearly. Those responsible for the project thus receive a basis for the next coordination steps and for assessing later changes.

Pass on technical results clearly
Person in an orange vest on a construction site with ground markings and small piles of soil
Questions about equipment selection

Questions about equipment selection and deployment preparation

To select equipment, we need information about the construction site, planned ground interventions and possible survey interference.

Which equipment is suitable for my project?

This cannot be determined from the area or desired depth alone. Information is needed on suspected ordnance, planned ground interventions, the subsurface, utilities, reinforcement and access.

A survey plan is developed from this information. Additional methods are provided for where they meaningfully support the specific question.

Can equipment guarantee the absence of explosive ordnance?

No equipment data sheet can provide a general guarantee for every object and every depth. Detection limits depend on the object, distance, survey method and surroundings.

A technical conclusion must relate to the area actually investigated, the conditions and the agreed investigation scope.

Which documents make coordination easier?

A site plan, planned intervention depths, existing ordnance information, ground and utility information and details of the construction sequence are helpful.

The coordinate system, plan format and documentation required should be agreed early for data handover.

Agree project documents

Are accurate spatial referencing and reliable object detection the same thing?

No. Spatial referencing describes how data or findings are assigned a location. Whether an object can be detected, however, depends on the survey method and the specific conditions. Both aspects are considered in the investigation and linked clearly in the result.

Why is an equipment model not enough for a tender?

A model name does not describe the intended investigation volume, survey conditions or conclusions required. For a comparable specification, the task, scope and result documents should be stated. The suitable technical configuration is selected on that basis.

What happens if an area cannot be investigated sufficiently with the available methods?

The limitation is assigned to the area affected and taken into account in the technical assessment. The further clarification required for the planned ground intervention is then agreed. An insufficiently investigated area is not silently included in the conclusions for other areas.

Can older survey data be used for new planning?

That depends on whether the commission, area covered, conditions and conclusions of the earlier investigation fit the new planning. The associated reports and plans are needed. Changes to the ground intervention or construction status are taken into account when comparing them again.

What role does construction machinery play in an investigation?

Construction machinery performs the agreed earthworks and material movements. Measuring equipment and technical assessment have different functions. The specific use of a machine is coordinated with the working area, equipment and defined work and protection plan.

Prepare a specific enquiry about equipment use

For an initial specialist assessment, FONTANA-EOD needs the task, spatial reference and available information. You can explicitly identify missing information as outstanding.

Show the planned ground intervention

Describe the intended work and include a site plan showing the areas affected. Depth, dimensions and construction status help with assessment. If options are being considered, they should be clearly distinguishable in the documents. State the project location, land parcel or construction area and, where applicable, mark the intended borehole points, utility trenches or excavations. A specific plan extract makes the technical question easier to locate.

Add known conditions

Identify existing utilities, structures, paved areas or access restrictions as far as they are known. Existing investigations and documents from authorities also form part of the starting information. Identify their revision status so that current and earlier conclusions can be assigned correctly. Include existing ordnance documents in full, together with their plans. An information response, survey plan and results certificate serve different purposes; the corresponding complete set of documents is needed for assessment in each case.

State the result required

Tell us who will use the result, for what purpose and which documents are expected. Contacts, the planned sequence and outstanding coordination issues help with preparation. Technical selection is then linked to the conclusions actually required and the agreed scope of service.

GPR on a construction site
Project enquiry

Have your project assessed

Whether historical aerial photograph analysis, explosive ordnance surveying, surface surveying using GPR, magnetometry or TDEM, deep-ground surveys, downhole surveys, excavation supervision, area clearance or ordnance recovery is needed depends on the location, ground disturbance, depth, ground and existing documents. An early ordnance assessment provides clarity for tendering, programming, occupational safety and construction.

FONTANA-EOD combines its Section 7 SprengG licence, specialists holding Section 20 SprengG certificates of competence, suitable survey and clearance methods, and traceable documentation. Send the site plan, depth of ground disturbance, construction phase and existing documents for an initial technical assessment.