Technical map of the Lower Bavaria administrative district showing Landshut for explosive ordnance assessment and surveying by FONTANA-EOD

Explosive ordnance surveying in Landshut

Metal debris, made ground and old structures may make measurements difficult. FONTANA-EOD helps project owners, designers and site managers in Landshut consider investigation needs and measurement conditions together before ground works. Send a location plan, ground disturbance depths and existing reports so suitable specialist services and their prerequisites can be determined for the construction area.

Ground conditions

Identify known made ground and structures.

Measurement

Clarify suitability and limits in advance.

Construction sequence

Plan outstanding investigations in good time.

Discuss the project's technical requirementsExplosive ordnance investigation in Bavaria
Assess the construction project

What does it mean if an investigation was not carried out because of interference?

If interference prevented investigation, the explosive ordnance question remains unresolved. This does not establish a result without adverse findings. Identify the documented obstructions and proposed next ground works. Specialist planning clarifies the conditions under which a suitable investigation is possible and how further services are coordinated. Preparatory earthworks receive their own specialist assessment.

Project site

Connect the site with the specific construction task

Map of Bavaria with a blue-and-white lozenge shield and crown, a tablet, white FONTANA-EOD helmet and notebook.

Clarify the investigation status for the current construction phase

The explanatory statement for Löschenbrand records an investigation proposed for April 2021 that did not take place because of metal debris. For your own construction task, the current condition and available results are decisive. Include municipal planning information, contaminant questions and explosive ordnance services in preparation according to their respective tasks. Landshut is an independent city in Lower Bavaria and belongs to the Free State of Bavaria. Distinguish the city from the district of the same name. State the actual municipality, address and cadastral plot in an enquiry; for projects outside the city boundary, municipal responsibility follows the project location. For works at the station, in Löschenbrand or other areas in existing use, compile the associated files and building plans with the proposed ground disturbance. Further project locations are listed in the regional overview; assess results for neighbouring areas within their actual documented scope.

Bavaria
Local context

Bomb impacts in Löschenbrand and difficult measurement conditions

Assess the investigation that did not take place in Löschenbrand

The explanatory statement for the amendment to the “Löschenbrand Erweiterung-Ost” land-use plan, amendment sheet 1, records the building committee's status of 24 September 2021. Its section on found munitions states that the explosive ordnance investigation scheduled for 26 April 2021 could not take place because of extensive metal debris in the ground. The planning text at that time proposed later coordination with earthworks and contaminated land remediation.

In the same section, the planning statement records bomb impacts for this area on aerial photographs from April 1945. The city's history of Landshut identifies 19 March 1945 as the date of the city's heaviest air raid, targeting the station grounds. Keep these details distinct in place and time: the aerial photograph information concerns the planning area described, while the city chronicle concerns the historical attack. For a present-day property, assess the available historical images and land-use records together with later investigations and ground changes.

Coordinate further works technically

For new works, review the earlier plan version together with specialist reports now available. Clarify current investigation conditions and prerequisites for proposed preparatory works. A measurement that did not take place provides no conclusion about the ground volume not investigated; consider later usable results within their documented scope. This comparison establishes which investigation question remains unresolved today.

The explanatory statement also records topsoil removal already carried out and explosive ordnance investigation in April 2021. Request the work reports and location plans for each work phase. These must show where a measure actually took place, what results were obtained and which measurements did not take place. Record prepared areas, investigated sections and remaining obstructions separately for the current design. This allows an existing specialist report to be used and any necessary additional commission to be defined specifically.

Working together

Roles and responsibilities at the location

Client and operator

The client describes the project and provides the available project records. The operator adds requirements for use, access and timing. A coordinating contact brings the parties together; individual tasks remain assigned to the named parties. Before commissioning, it is clearly recorded what information is missing, who will obtain it and what decision the result is intended to prepare.

Planning and construction management

The specialist designers describe areas, depths, construction methods and changes. Site management coordinates the planned sequence with the construction contractors and agreed specialist works. Results are assigned to the respective intervention. A technical plan change is communicated early enough for its effect on the survey task to be assessed before construction. Organisational construction stage boundaries remain distinguishable from technical survey boundaries.

Specialist company and competent bodies

The private explosive ordnance specialist carries out the agreed investigation and documentation work. Requirements and decisions of public authorities are addressed with the responsible bodies. The documents needed for a particular procedure depend on the location and project. The technical report describes the work carried out, including its documented area, depth and scope. Decisions reserved for public authorities are made by those authorities.

In Bavaria, municipalities generally provide local hazard response as public safety authorities. Where urgent action is needed, the police take the necessary measures. The explosive ordnance disposal service commissioned by the Interior Ministry supports response to specific hazards from legacy ordnance that has been found; the München disposal unit is responsible for Lower Bavaria. Prepare historical research, property assessment and planned investigation as separate specialist commissions. Distinguish the commissioned service's activities involving legacy ordnance that are free of charge under the Bavarian notice from commissioned private services.

Investigation task

Which specialist task comes next?

Select the method and working conditions together

A suitable investigation follows the question and actual site conditions. Identify existing utilities, structures and interfering materials during preparation. Specialist planning explains the conclusions achievable. The name of a method originally proposed is not a sufficient service description if its prerequisites are not met on site.

Compare investigation methods with local conditions

Agree supervision services separately

If a specialist service is to take place alongside remediation or earthworks, agree its tasks and limits explicitly. Not every ground disturbance suits the same sequence. Planning identifies prerequisites, responsibilities and the results handover needed. A historical planning note does not create general permission for any present-day excavation.

Compare investigation methods
Project types

Clarify measurement conditions and coordinate the next works

Two people discussing plans at a table beside a vehicle on a construction site.

Use existing findings despite measurement obstructions

A measurement that did not take place does not make historical records worthless. Provide them with the report describing the actual obstructions. Specialist planning distinguishes existing indications, unresolved investigation questions and technical conditions. These define the further need for the specific proposed areas and depths without substituting for missing findings.

Record the historical preliminary investigation's question with the property concerned. Former railway facilities, demolition areas or later filling may require different files and image dates. The analysis assigns reliable indications to the current location plan and identifies recognisable gaps. A former use description alone determines neither the suspected targets nor the appropriate measurement method. For the subsequent investigation, explicitly record the technically justified questions and spatial scope needed.

Bring existing indications and documented measurement obstructions together
Two people with a tablet beside a marked construction area; plans lie in the foreground.

Describe the next specialist service specifically

If metal structures or debris affect the planned investigation, a specialist must determine suitable next steps. This includes their prerequisites and spatial scope. A general instruction to clear the site first does not define the necessary preparation. Agree the ground disturbance planned during that preparation before it begins too.

For the tender, mark known areas of interference on the plan. Describe existing structures, available plans of installations and measurement problems already documented. The specialist contractor can then assess which conclusions are achievable under the proposed conditions and which prerequisites remain unresolved. Assign access changes and necessary preparatory services as separate tasks. The commission also defines how different conditions or an interrupted investigation visit are documented and coordinated with the site management team.

Compare specialist services
Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Document the work carried out and remaining limits

The later report should clearly show what could actually be investigated. Identify areas not covered explicitly. Pass on relevant changes to measurement conditions too. The site management team can then see which conclusions are available for the next work and which task still needs separate clarification.

One section may already have been assessed while a neighbouring section remains unresolved because of interference. The results plan must distinguish these areas and show their relationship to the work performed. If further work is carried out later, combine the new measurement data and interpretations with the earlier investigation status. Give the site management team a clear allocation to the next construction phase. It can then identify usable investigation results and areas still requiring a technical decision before ground disturbance.

Document findings and their limitations
Preparation

Prepare the scope and commission together

Establish what needs to be known before commissioning the work

First establish which decision the commission needs to support. Is the task an initial assessment of existing documents, an investigation of a specific area or examination of an anomaly that has already been assessed? These tasks require different evidence. A general wish for safety does not define an investigation that can be carried out. The enquiry therefore specifies the groundworks, location, depth and available findings. Suitable specialist work and the required reporting are then agreed on that basis.

Define the specialist task

Coordinate preparatory work with the investigation

Required access and survey conditions are clarified before the site visit. This may include keeping areas clear, obtaining service information and coordinating with other trades. The method and site determine which preparations are actually needed. Changes to the surface or additional groundworks are not undertaken unilaterally simply to prepare for a survey. Their sequence is agreed with the specialist designers and responsible parties.

Clarify preparatory work in the programme

Agree a clear scope and schedule

A reliable programme distinguishes tasks already technically resolved from prerequisites still outstanding. If an area will be only partly accessible, account for this when commissioning work. Results handover and assessment also need time in the construction programme. Agree timing and the work required once scope, access, documents, construction conditions and the date a decision is needed are clarified.

Discuss the scope and schedule
Tasks at the site

Identify measurement obstructions before commissioning

01

Describe made ground and earlier uses

If ground reports, old building plans or information on made ground are available, include them in the initial enquiry. They may contain indications of metal debris, demolition material or remaining structures. The documents help assess possible interference. Information on contaminants answers a different question from investigation for explosive ordnance.

02

Check what the measurements can establish

A property accessible to vehicles is not automatically easy to investigate. Structures and interfering objects may affect interpretation. Ask which conclusions the proposed method is intended to provide for the planned structure. Areas where interpretation is not possible must remain clear in the report and must not be treated as resolved during construction preparation.

03

Coordinate preparatory earthworks with a specialist

Removing vegetation, surfacing or made ground may itself be a safety-relevant ground disturbance. Include these works in technical coordination rather than a general preparatory task for the project owner. Define in advance what is possible under which conditions. A construction area with better access still does not replace a necessary investigation.

04

Coordinate ground works technically

If contaminant questions need addressing alongside explosive ordnance, the parties need a shared sequence. Their respective investigation objectives and responsibilities remain separate. Soil disposal, geotechnical assessment and explosive ordnance assessment cannot substitute their results for one another. Planning must consider which conclusions are actually needed before the next work step.

Project documents

Documents that establish the next step

Record clearly why work was interrupted

For further planning, it matters whether measurements never began, were only partly possible or produced no interpretable result. Provide the associated records. A shared site visit alone does not establish a completed specialist service. Describe the actual investigation status with reference to the affected areas and tasks. Where clearance work was actually carried out, its clearance record supplements these documents with areas addressed, methods, findings and outstanding tasks. An interrupted measurement attempt is not thereby described as completed clearance.

Prepare access and investigation conditions

Providing access and carrying out a specialist investigation are different work steps. Describe proposed changes to the surface and ground. Clarify their prerequisites with the specialists involved. Only then can an appropriate sequence be defined; a tight construction programme does not replace this comparison.

Construction sequence

Coordinate investigation and construction sections

Start with the documented obstruction

Compile existing reports and the current construction design. Add changes that have occurred since the earlier site visit. Coordination can then consider the current condition. Relate the next commission to the outstanding question and include the prerequisites needed for meaningful investigation.

Coordinate the construction phase with us

Relate the next construction phase to results

Before a new work section, compare specialist services completed with the proposed ground disturbance. Record which sections were addressed and what limitations apply. Pass on this information in full. Organisational handover of the site does not replace technical conclusions on the scope investigated.

Coordinate the construction phase with us
Method selection

Select methods according to the task and survey conditions

Historical records and aerial photographs

Historical aerial photograph assessment and other old records help place the basis for suspicion in its spatial context. The available images, their evidential value and the limits of the area considered matter. The absence of an identifiable indication must be distinguished from a technically surveyed ground area. The assessment is considered together with the planned intervention and other available findings. It can support the choice of a survey, but is not a measurement of the present-day subsurface or confirmation for all future works.

Understand aerial photograph assessment

Magnetometric survey

Magnetometric methods detect magnetic anomalies. Whether they can address the specific survey task depends, among other things, on the expected objects, ground conditions, interference and required survey area. Fences, utilities or existing structures may affect interpretation. A measurement signal is therefore not described as ordnance solely because of its strength. Method, interpretation and any further investigation are planned as a connected specialist task.

Understand the scope of magnetometry

Electromagnetic methods

Electromagnetic investigations can be suitable for particular metallic targets and site conditions. Their suitability must be explained for the task, rather than inferred simply from the availability of equipment. Interfering installations, accessible areas and the findings required must also be considered. Results are documented with their location and survey conditions. The specialist assessment determines whether a supplementary method is needed; this remains a project-specific decision.

Understand electromagnetic surveying

Ground-penetrating radar

Under suitable conditions, ground-penetrating radar can provide information about subsurface structures and reflections. Ground conditions, moisture, installations and the particular survey task affect interpretability. An anomaly is not automatically ordnance, and an area with no apparent anomalies is not general evidence for arbitrary depths. The specialist interpretation and its limits are documented with the instruction. A survey for another purpose is not adopted without checking as ordnance evidence.

GPR and limitations

Deep-ground and downhole surveys

For deeper groundworks, it may be necessary to establish whether a surface investigation can provide the required findings or another approach is needed. Preparation includes the location, depth, borehole layout and existing services. Creating access for the investigation must also be properly planned by specialists. A general depth figure or standard grid cannot replace that work. Findings remain limited to the areas actually investigated and the method used.

Prepare deep interventions

Survey during construction

If a necessary preliminary investigation cannot be completed, the specialists assess whether a planned approach during construction is suitable. This includes coordinated investigation, interpretation and communication of findings within the intended work sequence. Visual observation of excavated material is not an interchangeable substitute for a necessary survey. Site management needs a clear description of when specialist work will take place, how new findings will be handled and which areas remain unresolved.

Agree the approach during construction
Technical assessment

A suitable investigation begins with a clear question

Assess the earlier history

Through Historical aerial photograph analysis and other available records, the earlier use of the investigation area can be assessed. Existing explosive ordnance reports are considered too. The aim is to identify justified questions for the current design. An indication of wartime impacts does not automatically establish which technical method is suitable for the property.

If underlying information is incomplete, the necessary Historical aerial photograph analysis is combined with other available information on the same area. This may include building files, older utility plans and records of earlier earthmoving. Record the documents' dates, spatial coverage and limits. The analysis distinguishes historical indications from results of specialist work already performed. This identifies which question still needs technical investigation and which earlier findings can be reused directly.

Choose the measurement method for a clear reason

The Surveying must be planned according to the investigation objective, proposed ground disturbance depth and local conditions. Where the ground causes interference, specialist planning must clarify how a reliable assessment can be achieved. A particular equipment type is therefore not selected simply by the city name. Method limits and remaining gaps belong in the results documentation.

For the Surveying, consider expected targets, ground composition, structures and planned depths together. For deep drilling or foundation works, clarify whether the proposed investigation covers the ground volume needed. Any necessary deep survey or borehole clearance receives a defined relation to location and ground disturbance. Communicate changes to borehole points or elevations before construction. The specialist contractor explains which conditions must be met for investigation and interpretation.

Define the sequence of measures

A Clearance plan can describe the services needed and their coordination with the construction programme. It also considers circumstances where an investigation initially proposed cannot be carried out. Visual observation during excavation alone does not replace a necessary investigation. A clearance method during construction requires separate specialist assessment and suitable conditions.

The agreed Excavation supervision describes specialist contributions to the proposed construction sequence. Define necessary investigations, area clearance where applicable, and investigation of findings with their tasks and limits. For any necessary Ordnance recovery, agree access and protective measures with the responsible parties. Leave a suspicious object where it is; stop the affected works and notify the police immediately. Further measures follow the specific situation and instructions from the responsible bodies.

Next steps

How to prepare the Landshut project

01

Draw the work area

Mark the excavation, utility trenches, foundations and other ground disturbance on a location plan. State proposed depths and the planned start. Preparatory geotechnical investigation points should also be clear. The more precisely the work area is described, the clearer the commission can be distinguished from neighbouring areas or areas initially left untouched. Record the project location, ground disturbance and technical decision needed in the initial enquiry.

02

Compile planning documents and investigations

The City of Landshut refers to current consultation procedures and legally effective land-use plans on the city map. The city planning department helps with unresolved planning-status questions. Add existing explosive ordnance reports and ground investigations with their appendices. A land-use plan note is an important starting point but does not necessarily contain later investigation results. Document review includes complete explosive ordnance reports and their appendices. Where underlying information is incomplete, carry out historical research and aerial photograph analysis.

03

Clarify outstanding site conditions

Identify known utilities, hard-surfaced areas and access restrictions. If older reports describe measurements as limited or impossible, include this point explicitly in the new enquiry. Agree the further approach before preparatory earthworks begin. Confirming an appointment alone does not resolve a technical obstruction. Method selection considers targets, ground conditions, interference and required depth. The agreed surveying or suitable supervision addresses the defined scope; findings and measurement limitations receive specialist assessment.

04

Base the next work step on the results

The site management team needs results clearly allocated to the proposed ground disturbance. Address outstanding areas or depths separately. If the design changes, check whether the existing conclusions remain sufficient. Keep reports, location plans and later additions together for this purpose. The report and results plans document the services performed. The next decision determines further specialist needs for unresolved areas before the affected subsequent ground works.

The project file includes the investigation report, location plans, assessment and documentation of clearance work performed. A clearance record describes the scope actually addressed. For a subsequent construction phase, compare these details with the current ground works plan. If ground levels have changed, pay particular attention to the elevation reference. An earlier depth figure can be meaningfully assigned only with the reference elevation originally used. Identify missing appendices or unclear boundaries so the necessary additions can be obtained before the relevant works.

Documentation

Distinguish preliminary investigation from state disposal of finds

Findings and their scope

The Bavarian notice dated 13 August 2026 distinguishes project-specific preliminary investigation from hazard response involving legacy ordnance that has been found. Private specialist contractors carry out the commissioned property investigation. Local hazard response generally lies with the municipalities. Report an actual find to the police immediately.

Project responsibilities

FONTANA-EOD supports technical coordination of the investigation and clearance services needed for your Landshut project. The BFR KMR describe principles for investigation, planning and documentation. Their direct scope concerns federal properties; they do not establish a blanket additional duty for every private property.

Working approach

How FONTANA-EOD works

Document the agreed specialist service clearly

We assess the planned groundworks against the available documents and their design revision. Before attending site, we agree with you what needs to be investigated, which areas are accessible and what findings are required. If the design or site conditions change, we check whether the agreed scope remains appropriate. The report states what was actually investigated and the limits of the findings. This allows designers and site management to see which findings they can use and where questions remain.

Discuss the investigation task

The task before the equipment

We first establish the investigation objective: which question must it answer? We then select a technically suitable method. The availability of a particular device or experience on a similar neighbouring site is not enough to justify the choice of method on its own.

Keep limitations visible

Inaccessible areas and limited conclusions are identified. They do not disappear into a total area figure. Designers and site management can then decide specifically which areas still need attention and when a suitable survey becomes possible.

Clarify changes before intervening in the ground

A new location, additional depth or different construction method is compared with previous results. A familiar project name does not replace this comparison. Feedback is provided before the affected work so that an outstanding question can be included in the sequence.

Hand over the report and plan together

The technical conclusion remains connected to its location references and appendices. A brief summary helps orientation but does not replace the documented survey scope. This basis is retained even if site management or contractors change.

Understand the results

Use technical statements for the next decision

Show the actual investigation scope in the report

The wording used for a results status must make clear whether any investigation producing interpretable results took place at all. If not, the original question remains unresolved. A clear project overview therefore identifies both services performed and limitations. The complete report remains available for specialist assessment and further construction design.

Understand investigation reports and their limitations

Record changed surfaces on the plan

Demolition or remediation may change access and measurement conditions. Document the changes carried out and affected areas. These do not establish investigation results, but provide updated information for specialist planning. Before the next commission, consider them together with existing findings.

Understand the service scope
Design and findings

Documents for the next construction decision

Illustration: aerial photographs and maps on two screens and printed on a desk.

Historical evidence and the current design

Aerial photograph interpretation is related to the actual groundworks. Its purpose and geographical scope remain distinct from a technical investigation of the ground as it is today.

Understand aerial photograph assessment
Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Specialist reports for site management

The findings, their locations and limitations are handed over together. This makes clear to those carrying out the work which area has been investigated and which task remains outstanding.

Assess investigation reports
Four people in orange high-visibility vests in front of two excavators on a construction site.
Person with a yellow survey cart on a footpath in front of a hedge.
Questions from planning

Questions about interfering objects and difficult measurement conditions

What does it mean if surveying could not be carried out?

No usable result from those measurements is then available for the proposed scope. A specialist must clarify the cause and a suitable next approach. This establishes neither absence of explosive ordnance nor a confirmed find. Further coordination takes place before the affected ground works; the process combines document review, necessary historical research, method selection and investigation or suitable supervision with assessment and documentation.

Can I arrange removal of interfering metal debris before investigation myself?

Not without prior specialist coordination. Removal or exposure may itself involve ground disturbance. Clarify which preparation is possible and which prerequisites apply for the specific construction area.

Is the 2021 Landshut planning text a current clearance?

No. It describes the planning at that time and the limitation of a proposed investigation. For present-day works, obtain the current status and relevant results documents and compare them with the new ground disturbance.

Can a contaminated land report replace explosive ordnance assessment?

No. It addresses different investigation objectives. Information on ground composition and made ground may help plan explosive ordnance assessment, but does not replace the conclusions it needs to provide.

What should I do if I encounter a suspicious object?

Stop work, do not touch or move the object, and keep other people away. Notify the police immediately from a safe distance on 110 and follow their instructions. The municipality carries out its local public safety tasks; the police and commissioned explosive ordnance disposal service carry out their respective hazard response tasks.

What must be agreed explicitly for a specialist service during construction?

Identify the task, spatial scope and technical prerequisites. Coordinate the sequence, responsibilities and results handover with the proposed earthworks. A general description as supervision does not adequately define these contributions.

Which details help after an interrupted site visit?

The documented reason, areas actually investigated, existing results and changes since the visit, and the next planned ground works.

Which factors determine investigation costs?

Area and depth, research needs, access, utilities and metal interference affect the work required. Further factors include the appropriate method, interpretation and documentation and, where necessary, investigation of findings. Usable existing reports help define the additional commission. Clarify prerequisites for preparatory earthworks with a specialist before they begin and coordinate them with the agreed scope of services.

Project enquiry

Prepare the first technical discussion

Document obstructions

Identify the reason for interruption, structures and changed areas. Send the complete record of the earlier visit with its date and location plan. Describe what has changed in the measurement conditions.

Compare the next works

Attach remediation and construction plans with locations and depths. Add the cadastral plot, plan version and decision needed before the next construction phase. Also tell us who is responsible for site management and the other specialist designs.

Project enquiry

Have your project assessed

Whether historical aerial photograph analysis, explosive ordnance surveying, surface surveying using GPR, magnetometry or TDEM, deep-ground surveys, downhole surveys, excavation supervision, area clearance or ordnance recovery is needed depends on the location, ground disturbance, depth, ground and existing documents. An early ordnance assessment provides clarity for tendering, programming, occupational safety and construction.

FONTANA-EOD combines its Section 7 SprengG licence, specialists holding Section 20 SprengG certificates of competence, suitable survey and clearance methods, and traceable documentation. Send the site plan, depth of ground disturbance, construction phase and existing documents for an initial technical assessment.

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