Technical map of the administrative district of Düsseldorf, marking Düsseldorf as a location for ordnance investigation and surveying by FONTANA-EOD

Explosive ordnance surveying and disposal in Wuppertal

Where ground elevations vary, a depth figure is clear only with its reference point. For your construction project in Wuppertal, FONTANA-EOD helps describe structural elements, intervention depths and access for explosive ordnance investigation. Existing property results and the status of the local procedure form the basis.

Elevation reference

State reference points for proposed depths.

Edge areas

Consider retaining structures and connections too.

Access

Clarify access routes and obstructions in advance.

Assess the construction project

Assign depths to the respective terrain area

With varying elevations, the same depth figure may refer to different ground volumes. For your Wuppertal project, structural elements, reference elevations and access are described together. Existing results and outstanding local steps determine further clarification needs.

Project references

Selected project examples

Project site

Connect the site with the specific construction task

Schematic map with the North Rhine-Westphalia coat of arms, beside a tablet, safety helmet and notebook.

Prepare the Wuppertal project individually

Wuppertal is an independent city within the Düsseldorf administrative district in North Rhine-Westphalia. Identify your project's precise address, for example in Elberfeld, Elberfeld-West, Barmen, Vohwinkel, Cronenberg, Ronsdorf, Heckinghausen, Langerfeld-Beyenburg or Uellendahl-Katernberg. Projects in Remscheid, Solingen, Velbert, Ennepetal, Schwelm and other places in Bergisches Land or the Ruhr area are assigned their respective municipalities separately. Location information links the project area to the local procedure. Add the elevation plans, sections and official communications actually available, together with a specific description of all interventions.

Local context

Wuppertal's history and present-day groundworks

Groundworks at a change in ground level

If a building is extended at a change in ground level, an upper access route, lower excavation pit and retaining structure may concern different ground volumes. In that case, the statement “investigation down to foundation level” is insufficient without location and elevation references. Mark which depth is meant at which position.

Local coordination and individual documents

For local coordination, historical aerial photograph analysis and any subsequent investigation are first assigned to the project. The local regulatory authority coordinates official on-site checks with the state explosive ordnance disposal service. Clarify documents required and suitable forms with the responsible office using your specific project. FONTANA-EOD adds a technical description of the private commission to this preparation. The competent authorities conduct the official procedure.

The City of Wuppertal documents air raids during the nights preceding 30 May and 25 June 1943, which struck Barmen, Elberfeld and Ronsdorf. The City Archives also describe the loss of current documents in municipal offices in 1943, including the building police. Research compares the surviving records and identifiable gaps with existing aerial photographs and area-specific investigation results.

Preliminary investigation relates documented wartime damage, former industrial and commercial use, and railway and route infrastructure in the valley area to the specific project site. Former operational, storage or infrastructure areas also consider demolition, reconstruction, filling and later ground movements insofar as documents exist for them. For an intervention on a hillside or slope, these findings are compared with present terrain and proposed structural elements. Investigation is prepared using the actual indications, intervention and technical conditions.

Working together

Allocate tasks within the construction project

Client and operator

The client describes the project and provides the available project documents. The operator adds requirements relating to use, access and scheduling. The participants agree their respective tasks and decision-making responsibilities. A coordinating contact person brings the project information together. Before an appointment, it is recorded clearly which information is missing, who will obtain it and which decision the result is intended to support.

Planning and construction management

The specialist designers describe areas, depths, construction methods and changes. Site management coordinates the planned sequence with the construction contractors and agreed specialist works. Results are assigned to the respective intervention. A technical plan change is communicated early enough for its effect on the survey task to be assessed before construction. Organisational construction stage boundaries remain distinguishable from technical survey boundaries.

Specialist company and competent bodies

The private explosive ordnance specialist company carries out the agreed permissible investigation and documentation scope. Authority requirements and decisions are clarified with the respective competent bodies. The documents needed for a specific procedure depend on the site and project. The technical report documents the specialist service performed, including areas, depths and limits of its conclusions. Its applicability to further groundworks is checked against the specific intervention.

The City of Wuppertal is the local regulatory authority within the city. The state explosive ordnance disposal service of the Düsseldorf district government supports local regulatory authorities in the Düsseldorf and Cologne administrative districts. For a project in the surrounding area, the responsible municipality is established using the actual project address. The official commissioning required or all prerequisites for a statutory exception for private activities are clarified before work.

Investigation task

Which specialist task comes next?

Check the existing elevation reference

Read earlier results with their associated plans and task description at that time. The ground volume actually assessed is decisive. Missing elevation information or unclear reference points remain subject to further clarification. A similar depth figure in two reports does not automatically mean the same investigation scope.

Assess historical documents

Consider survey conditions and commissioning together

For activities in North Rhine-Westphalia, the prerequisites of explosives legislation and the explosive ordnance ordinance are checked together. The actual task, official commissioning required or relevant statutory exceptions, and all applicable conditions are decisive. On this basis, the private commission and official involvement are clarified before work. Technical suitability, accessibility and scheduling prerequisites are described for the service thus defined.

Compare investigation methods
Project types

Describe a clear investigation task using elevation plans

Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Distinguish upper and lower areas

An access route and lower excavation pit may have different reference elevations. Mark these areas on the plan and add the proposed base levels. The project's greatest depth alone does not describe every subarea. Earlier reports are compared with present plans using their respective reference points.

Clearly identify the upper access route and lower excavation pit on the site plan. For each area, the existing surface and proposed base are related to the same traceable elevation reference. A section may show where the excavation pit starts and the additional depth created by a deeper individual structural element. Also add working spaces and temporary interventions. For the enquiry, the applicable plan revision, established dimensions and outstanding variant remain identifiable. The investigation task can thus be described for the ground volumes actually concerned.

Document findings and their limitations
Illustration: two people with a tablet beside a drawing table and a survey trolley on a construction site.

Record structural elements extending sideways

A retaining structure may occupy further ground volumes beyond its foundation. Show the proposed course of such elements traceably. A report for the neighbouring excavation pit is assessed for whether its findings apply. Spatial proximity alone does not replace this comparison. Unknown dimensions remain identified as outstanding information.

For a retaining structure, wall alignment, foundation and any elements extending sideways are shown together. Plans describe the ground volumes concerned above and below the change in ground level. If construction changes, new dimensions are compared with the investigation area previously agreed. Moving the wall or deepening a foundation may raise an additional specialist question. Therefore identify the respective revision and supply the associated sections. Additional work required is coordinated before the groundworks concerned.

Specialist services and investigation tasks
Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Explain access for the specific area

Describe how individual work areas are reached and which obstructions exist. Different ground elevations may require separate preparation. Accessibility is considered together with the specialist task. A hard-to-reach position is classified neither as already investigated nor as suitable for specialist work accompanying construction without further justification.

Mark the side from which an investigation area can actually be reached and the access route still in use. This also includes known utilities, existing installations and operational restrictions. If opening-up work, ground removal or other groundworks are proposed to create access, their investigation and protection prerequisites are clarified beforehand. Feasible equipment positioning and technical findings are assessed separately. For temporarily occupied subareas, the date of availability and task remaining outstanding until then are recorded.

Coordinate the sequence and tasks
Preparation

Prepare the scope and commission together

Historical preliminary assessment, technical investigation and specialist work during construction answer different project questions. The permissible private activity under the specific North Rhine-Westphalia procedure is clarified with the information objective and necessary authority involvement before an agreement.

Establish what needs to be known before commissioning the work

First establish which decision the commission needs to support. Is the task an initial assessment of existing documents, an investigation of a specific area or examination of an anomaly that has already been assessed? These tasks require different evidence. A general wish for safety does not define an investigation that can be carried out. The enquiry therefore specifies the groundworks, location, depth and available findings. Suitable specialist work and the required reporting are then agreed on that basis.

Define the specialist task

Coordinate preparatory work with the investigation

Required access and survey conditions are clarified before the site visit. This may include keeping areas clear, obtaining service information and coordinating with other trades. The method and site determine which preparations are actually needed. Changes to the surface or additional groundworks are not undertaken unilaterally simply to prepare for a survey. Their sequence is agreed with the specialist designers and responsible parties.

Clarify preparatory work in the programme

Agree a clear scope and schedule

The scope of private specialist work is agreed using the project documents, actual execution conditions and permissible activity. Necessary preparatory works, investigation, evaluation and documentation are described transparently. Costs and dates are related to these prerequisites and the required coordination. Changes to the construction plans are checked against the agreed contract before work is extended.

Discuss the scope and schedule
Tasks at the site

Excavation pit, retaining wall and utilities on the elevation plan

01

Ground elevation and excavation base

Show the existing ground surface and proposed intervention elevations traceably. State the ground elevation from which depth is measured. Where elevations vary, the excavation base and lateral areas intended to be covered by investigation should remain identifiable.

02

Retaining walls and foundation elements

Describe proposed foundations, piles or other structural elements involving ground intervention. If elements extending sideways are proposed, their location and course also belong in the plans. A report for a neighbouring area does not automatically answer the questions about these additional ground volumes.

03

Access routes and existing structures

Identify pedestrian access, vehicle access and limitations caused by existing structures. They affect practical preparation and accessibility of investigation areas. Also mark hard-to-reach positions. Clarify how they can be investigated and record what has already been assessed there.

04

Utilities where ground elevations vary

For a possible utility connection between an upper access route and lower building, the route, shafts and excavation pits may involve different depths. Mark these elements individually. The route line alone on an overview plan is insufficient: shaft and excavation pit locations and depths must also be identifiable.

Where several utility operators are involved, utility sections, crossings and associated shafts are shown on a shared current basis. The respective specialist planners identify the location and base level of proposed elements and additional working spaces. If a shaft moves or a deeper connection is added, this change is communicated with the plan revision and reference elevation. A temporary utility connection or excavation pit for preparatory work may also have its own investigation needs. The earliest ground interventions are therefore included in coordination with their prerequisites. For later result handover, the utility sections investigated and locations with tasks still outstanding remain identifiable.

Project documents

Documents that establish the next step

Use the site plan and sections together

An overview plan shows the route, while a section can clarify elevation relationships. Both documents must describe the same plan revision. Assign proposed depths clearly to structural elements. Specialist planners can then identify the findings needed and information still missing.

If several elevation plans are used, identify the plan author, revision and reference system. Different names for the same reference point are clarified before further use. An earlier results plan and current construction plan are thus allocated so that area and depth information remain traceable. Responsible specialist planners add missing geometry information; the explosive ordnance specialist company uses this basis to describe the possible investigation scope. This allocation remains with the documents for the next construction phase.

Document ground changes

If ground is removed or filled after an investigation, the original reference points are retained. The new surface is related to them. An old report must not be interpreted solely using the present-day terrain designation. Therefore pass plans and documentation to subsequent parties in full. Survey data, survey results and assessment of findings belonging to the commission remain related to the documented terrain and elevation reference with the complete report and its plan appendices. After clearance work, the clearance record with its scope, results and remaining limitations is assigned to the area actually addressed.

Construction sequence

Coordinate investigation and construction sections

Before creating new ground elevations

Describe proposed ground movements and knowledge already available. The earliest interventions are considered as well as the later foundation. An investigation section planned only for afterwards does not replace clarification still required for earlier works. The sequence is therefore considered together with the areas concerned.

Before constructing a retaining structure

Compare the foundation and any lateral interventions with the documented scope. New or different areas remain separately identifiable. Existing reports are supplied in full. Further specialist and official steps needed are clarified before the construction work concerned.

Method selection

Select methods according to the task and survey conditions

Historical records and aerial photographs

Historical aerial photograph assessment and other old records help place the basis for suspicion in its spatial context. The available images, their evidential value and the limits of the area considered matter. The absence of an identifiable indication must be distinguished from a technically surveyed ground area. The assessment is considered together with the planned intervention and other available findings. It can support the choice of a survey, but is not a measurement of the present-day subsurface or confirmation for all future works.

Understand aerial photograph assessment

Magnetometric survey

Magnetometric methods detect magnetic anomalies. Whether they can address the specific investigation task depends, among other things, on expected objects, ground conditions, interference and the investigation area required. Fences, utilities or existing structures can affect interpretation. A survey signal is therefore not described as explosive ordnance solely because of its strength. Method, interpretation and any further clarification are planned as a connected specialist task. Magnetometry measures the magnetic field passively. The magnetic effect of the object sought is decisive; electrical conductivity alone does not establish its detectability by this method. Whether a surface survey suffices is assessed for the specific intervention depth and the findings achievable under survey conditions.

Understand the scope of magnetometry

Electromagnetic methods

Electromagnetic investigations may be suitable for certain metallic target objects and site conditions. Suitability is justified for the particular task rather than inferred from the mere availability of an instrument. Interfering installations, accessible areas and the required conclusion must also be considered. Results are documented with their locations and investigation conditions. Whether a supplementary method is needed follows from technical assessment and remains a specific project decision. Transient electromagnetic methods, or TDEM, evaluate the time-dependent electromagnetic response of conductive objects. The method is selected according to the investigation objective and actual measurement conditions.

Understand electromagnetic surveying

Ground-penetrating radar

Under suitable conditions, ground-penetrating radar can provide information about subsurface structures and reflections. Ground conditions, moisture, installations and the particular survey task affect interpretability. An anomaly is not automatically ordnance, and an area with no apparent anomalies is not general evidence for arbitrary depths. The specialist interpretation and its limits are documented with the instruction. A survey for another purpose is not adopted without checking as ordnance evidence.

GPR and limitations

Deep-ground and downhole surveys

For deeper groundworks, it may be necessary to establish whether a surface investigation can provide the required findings or another approach is needed. Preparation includes the location, depth, borehole layout and existing services. Creating access for the investigation must also be properly planned by specialists. A general depth figure or standard grid cannot replace that work. Findings remain limited to the areas actually investigated and the method used.

Prepare deep interventions

Survey during construction

If a necessary preliminary investigation cannot be completed, the specialists assess whether a planned approach during construction is suitable. This includes coordinated investigation, interpretation and communication of findings within the intended work sequence. Visual observation of excavated material is not an interchangeable substitute for a necessary survey. Site management needs a clear description of when specialist work will take place, how new findings will be handled and which areas remain unresolved.

Agree the approach during construction
Technical assessment

What terrain and access mean for investigation

Check earlier results against new plans

A historical aerial photograph analysis and earlier investigation results should be compared with current plans. What matters is the areas they describe and the findings they support. A property's location or former use alone is insufficient to determine the investigation scope required.

Assign an older report all its plan appendices and the ground conditions at that time. After excavation or filling, today's surface may differ considerably from the original reference. Assessment therefore considers the documented ground volume and actual limits of findings. Elevation information is read together with the report and its appendices. Missing reference points and unresolved ground changes are identified and clarified with the responsible planning parties. Results retained for further use remain distinguishable from areas requiring new investigation.

Survey conditions and investigation limitations

The survey is selected according to the task and site conditions. Terrain, accessibility and existing installations may limit practical execution and interpretation. Consider these limitations in planning and the report. If greater intervention depth is proposed, it must be assessed whether the previous investigation task suffices for it.

When work is phased, the areas investigated and conditions under which they were investigated are recorded. An edge area exposed later or a relocated utility connection is compared with the previous scope. Data, plan revision and relevant ground surface must correspond for assessment. The specialist company documents relevant interference and the areas or points actually reached. Outstanding tasks and changed conditions are coordinated with site management for continuation. The next investigation is related to the specific area required.

When supervision during construction may be considered

A hard-to-reach area does not automatically justify explosive ordnance clearance during construction. Private specialist activities accompanying construction in North Rhine-Westphalia are subject to limited prerequisites. The investigation route must fit existing knowledge and the official status; visual observation alone does not replace planned detection.

Next steps

From enquiry to documented investigation

01

Locate structural elements

Mark all proposed ground interventions on shared plans. For initial contact, identify the project address, cadastral parcels, construction task and contact person. Existing information, reports and complete appendices are checked for their revision, spatial and depth references and outstanding information. Local procedural steps required are assigned to the project.

02

Add elevations

Show the existing surface, proposed base levels and reference points. If historical knowledge needed for technical clarification is lacking, we carry out the source research and aerial photograph analysis required within the agreed permissible commission. Results receive a spatial reference to present-day intervention areas and are assessed for investigation planning. Required official analyses are coordinated with the responsible authority.

03

Explain access

Describe accessibility and existing obstructions. Method selection considers the investigation objective, expected objects, ground conditions, interference and accessible areas. The permissible activity scope and official involvement required are clarified before work.

04

Perform the agreed investigation

The survey or investigation during construction appointed under North Rhine-Westphalia's requirements is carried out in the agreed areas and points. Measurement data and observations receive traceable location and elevation references. Uninvestigated areas, restricted access and relevant interference are recorded.

05

Assess survey data and findings

The collected data and findings are evaluated against the investigation objective. The technical assessment considers interference, the areas reached and remaining limits of the conclusions. It establishes which further investigation or work is needed for the planned groundworks.

06

Bring the report and plan appendices together

The report and plan attachments document the specialist works performed and their assessment. Worked areas, investigation depths, the relevant ground surface and limitations remain assigned. Reused older results and newly investigated areas are recorded distinctly. The agreed recipients receive the related documents together.

07

Compare findings

Assign analyses, reports and official status to the areas. Using the results and their limitations, the parties coordinate the next specialist tasks. The competent authorities make the official decisions required. New areas, depths or construction methods are compared with the documented scope before further groundworks.

Documentation

Retain the elevation reference in the investigation report

Findings and their scope

Results need a traceable spatial and elevation reference. If ground is removed or filled after investigation, a later statement below ground level may mean something different from before. Therefore retain original plans and reference points together with the report. Changes to the construction project must be checked against the documented scope.

Project responsibilities

FONTANA-EOD documents the investigated areas, results and limitations of the commissioned service. Mark different ground elevations and uninvestigated edge areas on the plan. Subsequent project participants can thus assess whether results cover their proposed works.

Working approach

How FONTANA-EOD works

Document the agreed specialist service clearly

We assess the planned groundworks against the available documents and their design revision. Before attending site, we agree with you what needs to be investigated, which areas are accessible and what findings are required. If the design or site conditions change, we check whether the agreed scope remains appropriate. The report states what was actually investigated and the limits of the findings. This allows designers and site management to see which findings they can use and where questions remain.

Discuss the investigation task

The task before the equipment

We first establish the investigation objective: which question must it answer? We then select a technically suitable method. The availability of a particular device or experience on a similar neighbouring site is not enough to justify the choice of method on its own.

Keep limitations visible

Inaccessible areas and limited conclusions are identified. They do not disappear into a total area figure. Designers and site management can then decide specifically which areas still need attention and when a suitable survey becomes possible.

Clarify changes before intervening in the ground

A new location, additional depth or different construction method is compared with previous results. A familiar project name does not replace this comparison. Feedback is provided before the affected work so that an outstanding question can be included in the sequence.

Hand over the report and plan together

The technical conclusion remains connected to its location references and appendices. A brief summary helps orientation but does not replace the documented survey scope. This basis is retained even if site management or contractors change.

Understand the results

Use technical statements for the next decision

A reference point makes depth understandable

Depth must be assigned to an area, structural element and traceable starting elevation. If the surface changes, this original reference remains documented. Later participants can thus continue to assess the findings. Unclear information is not replaced by a blanket interpretation.

Understand investigation reports and their limitations

Difficult access does not determine the method

Accessibility is an important prerequisite but does not alone answer the technical investigation question. The approach must fit existing knowledge and legal conditions. A supplementary measure is therefore justified and coordinated. The limits of its findings remain identifiable in the report.

Understand the service scope
Design and findings

Documents for the next construction decision

Illustration: aerial photographs and maps on two screens and printed on a desk.

Historical evidence and the current design

Aerial photograph interpretation is related to the actual groundworks. Its purpose and geographical scope remain distinct from a technical investigation of the ground as it is today.

Understand aerial photograph assessment
Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Specialist reports for site management

The findings, their locations and limitations are handed over together. This makes clear to those carrying out the work which area has been investigated and which task remains outstanding.

Assess investigation reports
Four people in orange high-visibility vests in front of two excavators on a construction site.
Person with a yellow survey cart on a footpath in front of a hedge.
Questions from planning

Questions about elevation references and accessibility in Wuppertal

Which documents does the City of Wuppertal need first?

Clarify the documents required and suitable forms with the responsible office using your specific project. Existing site and elevation plans and official communications are helpful for your specialist enquiry to FONTANA-EOD.

Why does depth information need a reference point?

If the surface varies within the construction area or is changed later, identical depth figures may refer to different ground volumes. Identify the reference point and assign the proposed depth to the respective structural element.

Is an older report sufficient for a new retaining wall?

Only if its documented scope actually covers the new task. Check location, depth, any lateral interventions and the limitations at that time. An immediately neighbouring investigation is not automatically evidence for the new structural element.

Can a hard-to-reach area simply be addressed during construction?

This cannot be inferred from accessibility alone. Methods, prerequisites and responsibility must be clarified using the specific situation. The statutory limits on private activities and technical requirements remain decisive.

What should I do if I find possible ordnance?

Stop work in the area concerned, keep your distance and neither touch nor move the object. Report the suspected hazard immediately to the police on 110 and follow their instructions. Independent uncovering or recovery is not an option.

When is an additional section through the construction area helpful?

When the site plan and depth figures do not show elevation relationships sufficiently. A section may show terrain, excavation base and retaining structure together. It must belong to the same plan revision.

What remains important after ground removal?

Documentation of the original elevation reference and area actually investigated. New works are compared with this. The present-day ground surface must not be used unnoticed as the earlier reference.

What factors determine the costs of specialist work?

Costing particularly considers area and depth, the permissible investigation method, accessibility, interference, preparatory work and documentation scope. Explicitly identify hard-to-reach edge areas and their existing investigation status. Further clarification needs are determined from this; proximity to an investigated area is insufficient as evidence. Official and private services are allocated separately under the respective applicable cost rules or contractual agreement.

Project enquiry

Discuss your construction project in Wuppertal

Send site and elevation plans

Show existing terrain, proposed base levels and the location of all structural elements. Add suitable sections and available earlier reports. For the excavation pit, retaining structure and connecting utility, describe the ground volume concerned in each case. If area clearance or recovery tasks are required, the specific area, investigation objective and permissible commissioning are coordinated with the responsible authority.

Identify access and outstanding information

Describe obstructions, hard-to-reach areas and missing reference elevations. Add the current status of local coordination. Also tell us which groundworks are due to begin first and which areas are not yet accessible. Necessary preparatory work and handover of results can thus be coordinated in good time. Add a shared plan revision, existing file references and the proposed construction section. For a further project in Aachen, local responsibility and investigation needs for that property are clarified separately.

GPR on a construction site
Project enquiry

Have your project assessed

Whether historical aerial photograph analysis, explosive ordnance surveying, surface surveying using GPR, magnetometry or TDEM, deep-ground surveys, downhole surveys, excavation supervision, area clearance or ordnance recovery is needed depends on the location, ground disturbance, depth, ground and existing documents. An early ordnance assessment provides clarity for tendering, programming, occupational safety and construction.

FONTANA-EOD combines its Section 7 SprengG licence, specialists holding Section 20 SprengG certificates of competence, suitable survey and clearance methods, and traceable documentation. Send the site plan, depth of ground disturbance, construction phase and existing documents for an initial technical assessment.