Technical map of the Lüneburg administrative area marking Lüneburg for explosive ordnance assessment and surveying by FONTANA-EOD

Explosive ordnance surveying and disposal in Cuxhaven

For project owners, planners and site management, FONTANA-EOD coordinates explosive ordnance investigation before ground works in Cuxhaven. Alongside permanent structures, temporary excavations, anchors and access roads are considered with their depths; land, shore and water areas are described separately. Send site plans, construction-stage plans and existing reports so that the necessary investigation and its interfaces can be coordinated specifically.

Construction boundaries

Record structures and temporary ground works.

Shore area

Identify access and changing conditions.

Coordination

Coordinate investigation and further specialist planning.

Assess the construction project

Precisely define land-side ground works and shore areas

For work close to the shore, temporary excavations, anchors and access roads form part of the proposed ground works alongside the permanent structure. For your project in Cuxhaven, we define these areas by location, depth and construction-stage conditions. The investigation relates to the areas actually accessible and commissioned.

Project site

Connect the site with the specific construction task

Illustration of a map with the Lower Saxony coat of arms, a tablet, hard hat and documents.

Site and existing requirements

Specify the actual project location with a site plan and the affected land parcels. Existing information, conditions and reports are assigned to this area. Cuxhaven is a large self-governing city within the district of Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony; the district belongs to the Lüneburg administrative area. Within the city, the City of Cuxhaven is the contact for local explosive ordnance hazard prevention; the state explosive ordnance disposal service provides support within its remit. Official information and the investigation brief are clearly related to location, depth and plan version. Identify projects in the city centre, Duhnen, Döse, Altenwalde and Sahlenburg by project address and land parcels. Port, logistics and corridor areas in Cuxhaven or other North Sea coastal and port locations are identified by their actual ground works boundaries. For enquiries from Otterndorf, Nordholz or Wurster Nordseeküste, the responsible municipality is identified from the specific project address.

Local context

Assess earlier investigations within the construction area

Local starting point

The explanatory statement for the public consultation on development plan 226, “Anbindung Offshore-Basishafen”, dated May 2024 identifies previously investigated suspected locations and recovered explosive ordnance for certain areas east of the Baumrönne. It nevertheless recommends further survey checks there because aerial photographs may not show every suspected location. The statement concerns the areas identified in the plan. For another construction project, its own investigations and official requirements are decisive.

The Altenwalde area was used as a military training ground. For construction sites with such a history, earlier area boundaries and periods of use are related to the ground works planned today. Findings relate to the areas supported by the evidence. Sites around the port require consideration of their own land-use and investigation history and the present ground works boundaries. If earlier records describe port, cargo handling or logistics uses, their boundaries are compared with the current work. The same applies to transport and utility corridors and to shore, dyke and coastal protection measures. For repurposed sites or those intended for conversion, recorded phases of reconstruction, expansion and restructuring belong in the historical assessment. Recorded former structures, access roads, fill and other earthmoving are assessed to establish which ground layers were changed or covered. The assessment concerns the documented uses and ground changes at the specific ground works location.

Implications for construction planning

For explosive ordnance finds, the City of Cuxhaven refers to municipal responsibility and the police. It also points out that objects are not always recognisable as munitions. Before construction begins, agree both the required investigation scope and the reporting channel for an unexpected find.

Working together

Distinguish the tasks of client, designers and specialist contractor

Client and operator

The client describes the project and provides the available project records. The operator adds requirements for use, access and timing. A coordinating contact brings the parties together; individual tasks remain assigned to the named parties. Before commissioning, it is clearly recorded what information is missing, who will obtain it and what decision the result is intended to prepare.

Planning and construction management

The specialist designers describe areas, depths, construction methods and changes. Site management coordinates the planned sequence with the construction contractors and agreed specialist works. Results are assigned to the respective intervention. A technical plan change is communicated early enough for its effect on the survey task to be assessed before construction. Organisational construction stage boundaries remain distinguishable from technical survey boundaries.

Specialist company and competent bodies

The private explosive ordnance specialist contractor performs the agreed investigation and documentation work. Official requirements and decisions are clarified with the respective responsible bodies. The records needed for a specific procedure depend on the location and project. The technical report documents the specialist work carried out and its area, depth and limits of conclusions. The responsible bodies make official decisions concerning subsequent groundworks.

Official questions are clarified with the City of Cuxhaven; its Safety, Public Order and Trade service provides information on explosive ordnance disposal. In Lower Saxony, the state explosive ordnance disposal service supports municipalities within its remit. Conditions, contacts, reporting channels and handover of assessed findings are agreed for the project. The technical brief identifies the agreed specialist investigations with their area and depth limits.

Investigation task

Which specialist task comes next?

Relate existing knowledge to the relevant space

An aerial photograph analysis or earlier survey is compared with the specific land and shore areas planned. This includes the associated plans and a description of the investigation scope at the time. Proximity to an area already covered does not itself establish anything about the new ground works area. The comparison clarifies which findings can be used for the current task.

Assess historical documents

Plan investigation for the respective conditions

Access, terrain, installations and the required depth range influence method selection. Where conditions change, it must be clear which conditions the commission is being prepared for. Land-side activities and possible work in water are described separately in spatial and technical terms. Further coordination concerns only the services actually agreed and their suitable delivery.

Compare investigation methods
Project types

Record permanent structures and temporary ground works

Illustration: a person wearing a hard hat and holding a tablet beside a cordoned-off excavation with an excavator.

Foundation and associated working space

A foundation drawing does not always describe the full area affected during construction. The excavation, working space and proposed anchors may extend beyond the structure visible later. These areas are included in the enquiry with their locations and depths. At the shore, it must also be clear which work remains land-side and which requires separate planning under different conditions. For drilling and piles, borehole positions, embedment depths and required evidence are also identified early. Borehole clearance relates to the documented investigation point and depth range.

Provide specialist supervision of excavation
Illustration: two people with a tablet beside a drawing table and a survey trolley on a construction site.

Access road for a limited construction phase

An access road used temporarily may involve soil removal, utility crossings or construction of a load-bearing structure. The ground works actually proposed are decisive. An area used only for traffic and a strip to be excavated to create it represent different tasks. The plans therefore describe the construction method and area it affects rather than merely stating the duration of later use.

Specialist services and investigation tasks
Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Alteration of a slope in several stages

If a slope changes during construction, new areas may become accessible and previously described level references may cease to apply. The investigation is assigned to the respective working conditions. For subsequent steps, it remains recorded which findings already exist and which areas could not yet be covered. An unchanged property outline alone does not make an earlier report applicable to every later terrain configuration.

Coordinate the sequence and tasks
Preparation

Prepare the scope and commission together

Establish what needs to be known before commissioning the work

The commission first needs to clarify which decision is to be prepared. Does it concern an initial assessment of existing records, investigation of a specific area or further work on a finding already assessed? These tasks need different information. A general desire for safety does not yet describe an investigation scope that can be carried out. The enquiry therefore identifies the ground works, location, depth and available findings. Suitable specialist work and required results documentation are agreed on that basis. Any necessary area clearance is planned with its clearance objective, area covered and relevant execution conditions. These details are related to one another in the clearance plan and results documentation.

Define the specialist task

Coordinate preparatory work with the investigation

Required access and survey conditions are clarified before the site visit. This may include keeping areas clear, obtaining service information and coordinating with other trades. The method and site determine which preparations are actually needed. Changes to the surface or additional groundworks are not undertaken unilaterally simply to prepare for a survey. Their sequence is agreed with the specialist designers and responsible parties.

Clarify preparatory work in the programme

Agree a clear scope and schedule

A reliable workflow distinguishes work already clarified technically from prerequisites still outstanding. If an area will be only partly accessible, this must be taken into account when commissioning. Handover and assessment of results also need time in the construction programme. Specific coordination relates the described scope to access, records, execution conditions and the date by which a decision is needed. For tendering, areas covered, depths and required results documentation are identified for each work package. Existing information and tasks still requiring clarification remain distinct. Access conditions, neighbouring operations and available construction sections belong in the service description wherever they affect execution.

Discuss the scope and schedule
Tasks at the site

Describe areas, depths and working conditions

01

Permanent structures

Describe the locations and depths of planned foundations, utilities, chambers or other ground works. For work near the shore, it must be clear where the land-side task ends and which other areas might be affected. A general location marker is insufficient to define this.

02

Temporary working areas

Record temporary excavations, anchors and work areas wherever they form part of the proposed construction method. Not every site facilities area involves ground disturbance; the activities planned there are decisive. This allows assessment of which areas need to be considered for explosive ordnance investigation.

03

Slopes and changing surfaces

If slopes are to be reshaped or soil removed, the respective construction-stage conditions must be identifiable in the plans. The investigation relates to a described area under specific conditions. Later changes may require supplementary work even if the outer property outline remains the same.

04

Access and adjoining use

Identify the available working routes, known installations and restrictions at the edges of the area. If water levels or other changing conditions affect access, include this in the enquiry too. Which investigation is suitable depends on the planned work and local conditions.

Project documents

Documents that establish the next step

Make construction stages distinguishable on the plan

Clearly show the existing conditions, temporary work areas and later structure. For explosive ordnance assessment, it must be identifiable when and where the ground will actually be disturbed. Relevant depths and reference levels belong with their respective areas. Different plan versions are marked with dates and scope so that an outdated option is not implemented.

Retain investigation limits at handover

A results report is handed over with its associated site plans and limitations. After clearance work, the clearance record with the actual scope and results belongs in this set of documents and is assigned to the shore or construction sections covered. Boundary strips not reached or areas with different conditions remain identifiable. Even at handover to the next contractor, this must not become a blanket finding about the entire shore-side property. Any additional investigation needed is clarified before the work step concerned.

Construction sequence

Coordinate investigation and construction sections

Preparatory ground works before the main structure

Access roads, anchors or temporary installations may already require investigation before foundation construction itself. The sequence is derived from these early ground works. Allow time to obtain records, create suitable access and hand over the technical results. Whether individual work steps can run in parallel depends on their locations, conditions and agreed specialist planning.

From the initial construction stage to the next work phase

With every change in construction-stage conditions, it is checked whether investigation areas, depths and access remain appropriate. A previously inaccessible area may later require its own investigation. If working areas are extended, these changes must reach the specialist planners in good time. Site management can read the relevant status from the report and current plan together; approval based solely on timing does not replace this relationship.

Method selection

Select methods according to the task and survey conditions

Historical records and aerial photographs

Historical aerial photograph assessment and other old records help place the basis for suspicion in its spatial context. The available images, their evidential value and the limits of the area considered matter. The absence of an identifiable indication must be distinguished from a technically surveyed ground area. The assessment is considered together with the planned intervention and other available findings. It can support the choice of a survey, but is not a measurement of the present-day subsurface or confirmation for all future works.

Understand aerial photograph assessment

Magnetometric survey

Magnetometric methods detect magnetic anomalies. Whether they can address the specific survey task depends, among other things, on the expected objects, ground conditions, interference and required survey area. Fences, utilities or existing structures may affect interpretation. A measurement signal is therefore not described as ordnance solely because of its strength. Method, interpretation and any further investigation are planned as a connected specialist task.

Understand the scope of magnetometry

Electromagnetic methods

Electromagnetic investigations may be suitable for certain metallic target objects and site conditions. Suitability is justified for the particular task, rather than inferred from equipment availability alone. Interfering installations, accessible areas and the conclusion required must also be considered. Results are documented with their location and investigation conditions. Whether a supplementary method is needed follows from the technical assessment and remains a specific project decision. TDEM records time-dependent electromagnetic responses from electrically conductive objects.

Understand electromagnetic surveying

Ground-penetrating radar

Under suitable conditions, ground-penetrating radar can provide information about subsurface structures and reflections. Ground conditions, moisture, installations and the particular investigation task affect interpretation. An anomaly is not automatically explosive ordnance, and an area without anomalies is not general evidence for arbitrary depths. The technical interpretation and limitations are documented with the commission. An investigation for other purposes is not adopted as explosive ordnance evidence without assessment. Highly conductive ground can limit its range.

GPR and limitations

Deep-ground and downhole surveys

For deeper groundworks, it may be necessary to establish whether a surface investigation can provide the required findings or another approach is needed. Preparation includes the location, depth, borehole layout and existing services. Creating access for the investigation must also be properly planned by specialists. A general depth figure or standard grid cannot replace that work. Findings remain limited to the areas actually investigated and the method used.

Prepare deep interventions

Survey during construction

If a necessary preliminary investigation cannot be completed, it is assessed whether a technically planned approach during construction is suitable. This includes coordinated investigation, interpretation and communication of findings within the planned workflow. Visual observation during excavation is not an interchangeable substitute for a necessary survey. Site management needs a clear description of when specialist work takes place, how new findings are handled and which areas remain unresolved. Where the method is suitable, each working layer is technically surveyed and assessed before controlled removal in layers. Visual checks supplement the survey. The process continues to the agreed excavation base and, where necessary, along walls or slopes; the stop signal, authority to issue instructions and reporting channels are agreed beforehand.

Agree the approach during construction
Technical assessment

What is investigated and which further specialist tasks remain

Compare reports with the ground works areas

The historical aerial photograph analysis and earlier technical reports are related to the planned ground works. Reports on a neighbouring land area do not automatically provide evidence for a shore section or a different depth range. What matters is the area and tasks the existing documents actually cover.

Adapt survey methods to access

For a surface survey the conditions in the proposed work area must be suitable. Interference, terrain and structural obstacles must be considered in the specialist planning. If findings are possible only within limitations, these are identified and the necessary further steps agreed.

Distinguish work on land from work in water

The selection of investigation methods is based on the specific commissioned task. Land-side explosive ordnance assessment, work in water, diving services and underwater recovery are described as separate specialist tasks with their respective conditions and service scopes. Hydraulic engineering, soil protection and approval-related tasks likewise need their own responsible parties and commissions.

Next steps

From the enquiry to a documented next-step decision

01

Show ground works at the initial contact

Mark structures and temporary ground works on the plans. For the first discussion, identify the exact project location, affected land parcels, maximum depths and the work planned first. This includes temporary excavations, anchors and access roads. The client and site management identify the findings needed and proposed workflow. Existing records and known access restrictions help define the next specialist tasks for the specific project.

02

Assign records to the separate areas

Show land, shore and, where applicable, water areas separately. Existing aerial photograph analyses, technical reports and official correspondence are reviewed with their complete appendices. Location, depth reference, plan version and documented limitations are compared with the present construction task. The available findings may differ between areas. Unresolved document questions are identified so that further work can relate to traceable spatial information and the respective investigation conditions.

03

Assess historical indications and aerial photographs

The research has a defined spatial reference and a specific question. Earlier military use and existing findings about bombing are assigned to the construction area affected; suitable historical aerial photographs can supplement this work. Investigations already carried out are considered within their actual scope. Identifiable indications and analysis limitations are recorded. This provides the basis for determining the further specialist investigations needed for the planned ground works; historical information about other areas remains assessed separately.

04

Agree the conditions and investigation methods

Agree access, terrain and known limitations with the specialist planners. The findings needed, ground works depths, ground structure, utilities and metal interference determine method selection. Changing construction stages and conditions close to the shore are considered for their effects on investigation. Land-side investigations and work in water have separate service boundaries. For every proposed area, the investigation objective, execution prerequisites and necessary preparatory work are agreed with those involved.

05

Carry out the agreed investigation or supervision

The specialist contractor covers the commissioned areas or points using the agreed approach. Survey grids, access and, where applicable, borehole positions are referenced by location and depth. For an agreed survey during construction, technical investigation and construction progress are coordinated. Survey conditions, interference and inaccessible areas are recorded. If construction boundaries, slopes or the planned work sequence change, their effect is assessed by specialists before the affected ground works. Execution and the agreed investigation task thus remain aligned.

06

Assess survey data and findings professionally

Interpretation relates survey data, local conditions and the investigation objective. Anomalous signals are assessed by specialists; any necessary further clarification is identified with the area affected. For identified explosive ordnance, recovery and further handling are agreed with the responsible bodies within Lower Saxony’s division of responsibilities. Assessed findings and outstanding areas or depths remain distinguishable for the client and site management. The results form the basis for agreeing the next steps for the planned ground works.

07

Document the report and investigation limits

The report and associated plans identify the areas or points actually investigated, their depth reference and the method used. Results, survey conditions and limitations are documented together. Boundary areas not covered and further tasks remain identifiable. Where recovery work was carried out, a corresponding clearance record documents its location, scope and result. The agreed records are handed over together so that the findings can later be related to the correct area and plan version.

08

Record the next-step decision and further tasks

For supplementary specialist work, agree the investigation objective, service limits and required results documentation. For the next ground works, it is checked whether the existing results cover their location, depth and conditions. Anchors planned later, altered slopes or additional construction sections may require a supplementary specialist task. Those involved clarify outstanding points and any official requirements before the work concerned. The decision on the next steps is recorded in the project file with the current plan version and named contacts.

Documentation

The report must state which areas were investigated

Findings and their scope

A report should describe the location, depth and construction-stage conditions relevant to the investigation. Areas not covered and activities requiring further assessment must be identified. For later work phases, site management must be able to see whether the documented scope still matches the work to be carried out or whether areas, depths or conditions have changed.

Project responsibilities

In Lower Saxony, official hazard prevention is the responsibility of municipalities, supported by the state explosive ordnance disposal service. FONTANA-EOD undertakes the agreed specialist investigations; official duties remain with the responsible bodies. Use of an investigation result depends on the documented technical task and its area and depth limits. A building permit and reports on other technical questions are considered separately according to their respective purpose.

Working approach

How FONTANA-EOD works

Document the agreed specialist service clearly

We assess the planned groundworks against the available documents and their design revision. Before attending site, we agree with you what needs to be investigated, which areas are accessible and what findings are required. If the design or site conditions change, we check whether the agreed scope remains appropriate. The report states what was actually investigated and the limits of the findings. This allows designers and site management to see which findings they can use and where questions remain.

Discuss the investigation task

The task before the equipment

We first establish the investigation objective: which question must it answer? We then select a technically suitable method. The availability of a particular device or experience on a similar neighbouring site is not enough to justify the choice of method on its own.

Keep limitations visible

Inaccessible areas and limited conclusions are identified. They do not disappear into a total area figure. Designers and site management can then decide specifically which areas still need attention and when a suitable survey becomes possible.

Clarify changes before intervening in the ground

A new location, additional depth or different construction method is compared with previous results. A familiar project name does not replace this comparison. Feedback is provided before the affected work so that an outstanding question can be included in the sequence.

Hand over the report and plan together

The technical conclusion remains connected to its location references and appendices. A brief summary helps orientation but does not replace the documented survey scope. This basis is retained even if site management or contractors change.

Understand the results

Use technical statements for the next decision

Read results together with their scope

A statement is understandable only with its investigation task. Check the area and depth described, methods used and restrictions. A report title or single result line is insufficient. For new work, these details are compared with the current plan to establish which knowledge remains usable and which question is unresolved.

Understand investigation reports and their limitations

Use project terminology unambiguously

Document review, surveying, construction-phase specialist work and recovery are different tasks. An enquiry need not identify the correct method in advance. An accurate description of the intervention and required decision is more useful. This establishes the appropriate technical scope and prevents a general term from meaning different things in design, procurement and execution.

Understand the service scope
Design and findings

Documents for the next construction decision

Illustration: aerial photographs and maps on two screens and printed on a desk.

Historical evidence and the current design

Aerial photograph interpretation is related to the actual groundworks. Its purpose and geographical scope remain distinct from a technical investigation of the ground as it is today.

Understand aerial photograph assessment
Illustration: two people review plans and documents at a table beside a construction vehicle.

Specialist reports for site management

The findings, their locations and limitations are handed over together. This makes clear to those carrying out the work which area has been investigated and which task remains outstanding.

Assess investigation reports
Four people in orange high-visibility vests in front of two excavators on a construction site.
Person with a yellow survey cart on a footpath in front of a hedge.
Questions from planning

Questions about construction boundaries and shore areas in Cuxhaven

Must temporary working areas always be surveyed?

That depends on the activities planned there and the available findings about the ground. Describe the activities and any ground disturbance. Investigation needs are assessed from these details; the designation as a working area alone is insufficient.

Does investigation of a land area also cover the adjoining shore?

Only to the extent that the documented investigation scope actually includes that area. Proximity or a shared property boundary is insufficient. Different conditions, other depths or additional areas affected require a separate assessment of the investigation needed.

Can an investigation automatically be applied to later construction-stage conditions?

Not automatically. If soil is removed or construction boundaries and ground works depths change, it must be assessed whether the previous result still applies. Communicate such changes before the work concerned so that any additional investigation needed can be clarified.

Which details are particularly helpful for an enquiry about work near water?

A site plan identifying land and shore areas, details of activities and depths, and information on access and known installations are helpful. Also identify changing conditions that may affect the work. Underwater work is clarified separately with its own task and scope of services.

What applies if an unknown object resembling munitions is encountered?

If possible explosive ordnance is found, stop work at the location immediately. Do not touch, move or expose the object further. Leave the immediate area, keep your distance and keep others away without putting yourself at risk. In Germany, notify the police immediately on 110 and follow their instructions. Inform site management and the client; internal reporting must not delay the emergency call. Even a heavily rusted or incomplete object must not be judged harmless on your own. An enquiry form for planned construction projects is not an emergency reporting channel.

What happens if a boundary area is initially inaccessible?

The area remains explicitly identifiable in the investigation plan and subsequent report as not covered or investigated only to a limited extent. The specialist planners clarify what must be established for the work planned there and when suitable access will be available. An investigated neighbouring area does not replace this clarification.

Which factors determine the work, timing and costs?

The investigation objective, area, required depth, available records and actual working conditions are decisive. Access, installations and changing construction-stage conditions may require preparatory work or separate visits. An enquiry should therefore describe not only the site but also the individual work steps and their timing requirements. Ground structure, metal interference, interpretation and documentation scope also feed into agreement of the quotation.

How are later anchors taken into account?

Their location, direction and proposed depth belong in the ground works description at an early stage. If they are planned only after the initial investigation, it must be assessed whether the existing report covers the area affected. Structural design of an anchor does not itself extend the documented investigation scope.

Project enquiry

Send plans for your project in Cuxhaven

Show ground works by area and construction phase

Send the site plan with permanent structures and temporary excavations, anchors and access roads. Separate land, shore and, where applicable, water areas. The proposed activities and depths are helpful for each area. Identify which work is to be carried out first. Specify maximum ground works depths, proposed construction time windows and investigations already commissioned. Also mark the locations and depths of working areas, anchors or connections extending beyond the construction property itself.

Identify access and the specialist planners involved

Add existing explosive ordnance records, known installations and limitations of the work area. Identify changing conditions wherever these affect access or execution. The specialist planners involved and a responsible contact help clarify outstanding boundaries and required findings together before the scheduled work. Include official correspondence and recommendations with dates, spatial references and complete appendices. Add utility plans, ground investigation records or records of existing structures and areas not yet accessible. Results and necessary further steps are handed over with the appropriate plan version.

Project enquiry

Have your project assessed

Whether historical aerial photograph analysis, explosive ordnance surveying, surface surveying using GPR, magnetometry or TDEM, deep-ground surveys, downhole surveys, excavation supervision, area clearance or ordnance recovery is needed depends on the location, ground disturbance, depth, ground and existing documents. An early ordnance assessment provides clarity for tendering, programming, occupational safety and construction.

FONTANA-EOD combines its Section 7 SprengG licence, specialists holding Section 20 SprengG certificates of competence, suitable survey and clearance methods, and traceable documentation. Send the site plan, depth of ground disturbance, construction phase and existing documents for an initial technical assessment.